← 三Sān国Guó演Yǎn义Yì · Romance of the Three Kingdoms

第dì一yī百bǎi回huí 汉hàn兵bīng劫jié寨zhài破pò曹cáo真zhēn　　　武wǔ侯hóu斗dòu阵zhèn辱rǔ仲zhòng达dá

100-1

却què说shuō众zhòng将jiāng闻wén孔kǒng明míng不bù追zhuī魏wèi兵bīng，俱jù入rù帐zhàng告gào曰yuē：「魏wèi兵bīng苦kú雨yǔ，不bù能néng屯tún扎zhā，因yīn此cǐ回huí去qù。正zhèng好hǎo乘chéng势shì追zhuī之zhī，丞chéng相xiàng如rú何hé不bù追zhuī？」孔kǒng明míng曰yuē：「司sī马mǎ懿yì善shàn能néng用yòng兵bīng，今jīn军jūn退tuì必bì有yǒu埋mái伏fú。吾wú若ruò追zhuī之zhī，正zhèng中zhōng其qí计jì。不bù如rú纵zòng他tā远yuǎn去qù，吾wú却què分fēn兵bīng迳jìng出chū斜xié谷gǔ，而ér取qǔ祁qí山shān，使shǐ魏wèi人rén不bù隄dī防fáng也yě。

When the officers got to know that the Wei army had gone but they were not to pursue, they were inclined to discontent and went in a body to the general’s tent and said, “The rain has driven the enemy away; surely it is the moment to pursue.” K‘ung-ming replied, “Ssŭma I is an able leader who would not retreat without leaving an ambush to cover it. If we pursue we shall fall victims. Let him go in peace, and I shall then get through Hsieh Valley and take Ch‘ishan, making use of the enemy’s lack of defence.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-2

」众zhòng将jiāng曰yuē：「取qǔ长cháng安ān之zhī地dì，别bié有yǒu路lù途tú，丞chéng相xiàng只zhí取qǔ祁qí山shān，何hé也yě？」孔kǒng明míng曰yuē：「祁qí山shān乃nǎi长cháng安ān之zhī首shóu也yě；陇lǒng西xī诸zhū郡jùn，倘táng有yǒu兵bīng来lái，必bì经jīng由yóu此cǐ地dì。更gèng兼jiān前qián临lín渭wèi滨bīn，后hòu靠kào斜xié谷gǔ，左zuǒ出chū右yòu入rù，可ké以yǐ伏fú兵bīng，乃nǎi用yòng武wǔ之zhī地dì。吾wú故gù欲yù先xiān取qú此cǐ，得dé地dì利lì也yě。」众zhòng将jiāng皆jiē拜bài服fú。

“But there are other ways of taking Ch‘angan,” said they; “why only take this one?” “Because Ch‘ishan is the first step to Ch‘angan, and I want to gain the advantage of position. Any attack on Shênsi must come this way. It rests on the rivers Wei and Pin in front and is backed by Hsieh Valley. It gives the greatest freedom of movement and is a natural manœuvring ground. That is why I want it.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-3

孔kǒng明míng令lìng魏wèi延yán、张zhāng嶷yí、杜dù琼qióng、陈chén式shì出chū箕jī谷gǔ；马mǎ岱dài、王wáng平píng、张zhāng翼yì、马mǎ忠zhōng出chū斜xié谷gǔ；俱jù会huì于yú祁qí山shān。调diào拨bō已yǐ定dìng，孔kǒng明míng自zì提tí大dà军jūn，令lìng关guān兴xīng、廖liào化huà为wèi先xiān锋fēng，随suí后hòu进jìn发fā。

They bowed to his wisdom. Then he despatched four captains for Chi Valley and four others for Hsieh Valley, all to meet at Ch‘ishan. He led the main army himself, with Kuan Hsing and Miao Hua in the van.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-4

却què说shuō曹cáo真zhēn、司sī马mǎ懿yì二èr人rén，在zài后hòu监jiān督dū军jūn马mǎ，令lìng一yī军jūn往wǎng陈chén仓cāng古gǔ道dào探tàn视shì，回huí报bào说shuō蜀shǔ兵bīng不bù来lái。又yòu行xíng旬xún日rì，后hòu麺miàn伏fú兵bīng皆jiē回huí，说shuō蜀shǔ兵bīng全quán无wú音yīn耗hào。真zhēn曰yuē：「连lián绵mián秋qiū雨yǔ，栈zhàn道dào断duàn绝jué，蜀shǔ人rén岂qǐ知zhī吾wú等děng退tuì兵bīng耶yé？」懿yì曰yuē：「蜀shǔ兵bīng随suí后hòu出chū矣yǐ。」真zhēn曰yuē：「何hé以yǐ知zhī之zhī？

When the Wei army retreated, the Commander-in-chief and his second remained in the rear superintending the movement. They sent a reconnoitring party along the old road to Ch'ên-ts‘ang, and they returned saying no enemy was to be seen. Ten days later the leaders, who had commanded in the ambush, joined the main body saying that they had seen no sign of the enemy. Ts‘ao Chên said, “This continuous autumn rain has rendered all the ways impassable; how could the men of Shu know of our retreat?”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-5

」懿yì曰yuē：「连lián日rì晴qíng明míng，蜀shǔ兵bīng不bù赶gǎn，料liào吾wú有yǒu伏fú兵bīng也yě，故gù纵zòng吾wú兵bīng远yuǎn去qù；待dài我wǒ兵bīng过guò侭jǐn，他tā却què夺duó祁qí山shān矣yǐ。」曹cáo真zhēn不bú信xìn。懿yì曰yuē：「子zi丹dān如rú何hé不bú信xìn？吾wú料liào孔kǒng明míng必bì从cóng两liáng谷gǔ而ér来lái。吾wú与yǔ子zi丹dān各gè守shǒu一yī谷gú口kǒu，十shí日rì为wéi期qī。若ruò无wú蜀shǔ兵bīng来lái，我wǒ麺miàn涂tú红hóng粉fěn，身shēn穿chuān女nǚ衣yī，来lái营yíng中zhōng伏fú罪zuì。

“They will appear later,” said Ssŭma. “How can you know?” “These late five days they have not pursued because they think we shall have left a rear-guard in ambush. Therefore they have let us get well away. But after we have gone they will occupy Chʻishan.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-6

」真zhēn曰yuē：「若ruò有yóu蜀shǔ兵bīng来lái，我wǒ愿yuàn将jiāng天tiān子zi所suǒ赐cì玉yù带dài一yī条tiáo、御yù马mǎ一yì匹pí与yú你nǐ。」即jí兵bīng分fēn两liǎng路lù：真zhēn引yǐn兵bīng屯tún于yú祁qí山shān之zhī西xī，斜xié谷gú口kǒu；懿yì引yǐn军jūn屯tún于yú祁qí山shān之zhī东dōng，箕jī谷gú口kǒu。

Ts‘ao Chên was not convinced. “Why do you doubt?” asked Ssŭma. “I think K‘ung-ming will certainly advance by way of the two valleys, and you and I should guard the entrances. I give them ten days, and if they do not appear, I will come to your camp painted and powdered and dressed as a woman to own my mistake.” “If the men of Shu do appear I will give you the girdle and the steed that the king gave me,” replied Ts‘ao. But they split their force, Ts‘ao Chên taking up his station on the west of Ch‘ishan in the Hsieh Valley, and Ssŭma going to the east in the Chi Valley.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-7

各gè下xià寨zhài已yǐ毕bì。懿yì先xiān引yǐn一yī枝zhī兵bīng伏fú于yú山shān谷gǔ中zhōng；其qí余yú军jūn马mǎ，各gè于yú要yào路lù安ān营yíng。懿yì更gēng换huàn衣yī装zhuāng，杂zá在zài众zhòng军jūn之zhī内nèi，遍biàn观guān各gè营yíng。忽hū到dào一yī营yíng，有yǒu一yī偏piān将jiāng仰yǎng天tiān而ér怨yuàn曰yuē：「大dà雨yǔ淋lín了le许xǔ多duō时shí，不bù肯kěn回huí去qù，今jīn又yòu在zài这zhè里lǐ顿dùn住zhù，强qiáng要yào赌dǔ赛sài，却què不bù苦kǔ了le官guān军jūn！

As soon as the camp was settled, Ssŭma I led a cohort into hiding in the valley. The remainder of the force was placed in detachments on the chief roads. Ssŭma disguised himself and went among the soldiers to get a private survey of all the camps. In one of them he happened upon a junior officer who was complaining, saying, “The rain has drenched us for days and they would not retire. Now they have camped here for a wager. They have no pity for us or the men.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-8

」懿yì闻wén言yán，归guī寨zhài升shēng帐zhàng，聚jù众zhòng将jiāng皆jiē到dào帐zhàng下xià，挨āi出chū那nà将jiāng来lái。懿yì叱chì之zhī曰yuē：「朝cháo廷tíng养yǎng军jūn千qiān日rì，用yòng在zài一yī时shí。汝rǔ安ān敢gán口kǒu出chū怨yuàn言yán，以yǐ慢màn军jūn心xīn！」其qí人rén不bù招zhāo。懿yì叫jiào出chū同tóng伴bàn之zhī人rén对duì证zhèng，那nà将jiāng不bù能néng抵dǐ赖lài。懿yì曰yuē：「吾wú非fēi赌dǔ赛sài；欲yù胜shèng蜀shǔ兵bīng，令lìng汝rǔ各gè人rén有yǒu功gōng回huí朝cháo。汝rú乃nǎi妄wàng出chū怨yuàn言yán，自zì取qǔ罪zuì戾lì！

Ssŭma returned to his tent and assembled his officers. Hauling out the grumbler, he said to him, angrily, “The state maintains soldiers a thousand days for one hour’s service. How dare you give vent to your spleen to the detriment of discipline?” The man would not confess, so his comrades were called to bear witness. Still he would not own up. “I am not here for a wager, but to overcome Shu,” said Ssŭma. “Now you all have done well and are going home, but only this fellow complains and is guilty of mutinous conduct.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-9

」喝hè令lìng武wǔ士shì推tuī出chū斩zhǎn之zhī。须xū臾yú，献xiàn首shǒu帐zhàng下xià。众zhòng将jiāng悚sǒng然rán。懿yì曰yuē：「汝rú等děng诸zhū将jiāng皆jiē要yào侭jìn心xīn以yǐ防fáng蜀shǔ兵bīng。听tīng吾wú中zhōng军jūn砲pào响xiǎng，四sì麺miàn皆jiē进jìn。」众zhòng将jiāng受shòu命mìng而ér退tuì。

He ordered the lictors to put him to death, and in a short time they produced his head. The others were terrified, but Ssŭma said, “All you must do your utmost to guard against the enemy. When you hear a bomb explode rush out on all sides and attack.” With this order they retired.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-10

却què说shuō魏wèi延yán、张zhāng嶷yí、陈chén式shì、杜dù琼qióng四sì将jiāng，引yǐn二èr万wàn兵bīng，取qǔ箕jī谷gǔ而ér进jìn。正zhèng行xíng之zhī间jiān，忽hū报bào参cān谋móu邓dèng芝zhī到dào来lái，四sì将jiāng问wèn其qí故gù。芝zhī曰yuē：「丞chéng相xiàng有yǒu令lìng：如rú出chū箕jī谷gǔ，隄dī防fáng魏wèi兵bīng埋mái伏fú，不bù可kě轻qīng进jìn。」陈chén式shì曰yuē：「丞chéng相xiàng用yòng兵bīng何hé多duō疑yí耶yé？吾wú料liào魏wèi兵bīng连lián遭zāo大dà雨yǔ，衣yī甲jiǎ皆jiē毁huǐ，必bì然rán急jí归guī；安ān得dé又yòu有yǒu埋mái伏fú？

Now Wei Yen and his three comrades, with two legions, entered the Chi Valley. As they were marching, the Assistant Adviser Têng Chih came. “I bear an order from the minister. As you go out of the valley beware of the enemy,” said he.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-11

今jīn吾wú兵bīng倍bèi道dào而ér进jìn，可kě获huò大dà胜shèng，如rú何hé又yòu教jiào休xiū进jìn？」芝zhī曰yuē：「丞chéng相xiàng计jì无wú不bù中zhōng，谋móu无wú不bù成chéng，汝rǔ安ān敢gǎn违wéi命mìng？」式shì笑xiào曰yuē：「丞chéng相xiàng若ruò果guǒ多duō谋móu，不bú致zhì街jiē亭tíng之zhī失shī！」魏wèi延yán想xiáng起qí孔kǒng明míng向xiàng日rì不bù听tīng其qí计jì，亦yì笑xiào曰yuē：「丞chéng相xiàng若ruò听tīng吾wú言yán，迳jìng出chū子zi午wú谷gǔ，此cǐ时shí休xiū说shuō长cháng安ān，连lián洛luò阳yáng皆jiē得dé矣yǐ！

Ch'ên Shih said, “Why is the minister so full of doubts? We know the men of Wei have suffered severely from the rain and must hasten home. They will not lay any ambush. We are doing double marches and shall gain a great victory. Why are we to delay?”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-12

今jīn执zhí定dìng要yào出chū祁qí山shān，有yǒu何hé益yì耶yé？既jì令lìng进jìn兵bīng，今jīn又yòu教jiào休xiū进jìn，何hé其qí号hào令lìng不bù明míng！」陈chén式shì曰yuē：「吾wú自zì有yóu五wǔ千qiān兵bīng，迳jìng出chū箕jī谷gǔ，先xiān到dào祁qí山shān下xià寨zhài，看kàn丞chéng相xiàng羞xiū也yě不bù羞xiū！」芝zhī再zài三sān阻zǔ当dāng，式shì只zhǐ不bù听tīng，迳jìng自zì引yín五wǔ千qiān兵bīng出chū箕jī谷gǔ去qù了le。邓dèng芝zhī只zhǐ得dé飞fēi报bào孔kǒng明míng。

Têng Chih replied, “You know the minister’s plans always succeed. How dare you disobey his orders?” Ch'ên Shih smiled, saying, “If he was really so resourceful we should not have lost Chieht‘ing.” Wei Yen, recalling that K‘ung-ming had rejected his plan, also laughed, and said, “If he had listened to me and gone out through Tzŭwu Valley, not only Ch‘angan but Loyang too would be ours. Now he is bent on taking Ch‘ishan; what is the good of it? He gave us the order to advance and now he stops us. Truly the orders are confusing.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-13

却què说shuō陈chén式shì引yǐn兵bīng行xíng不bú数shù里lǐ，忽hū听tīng一yī声shēng砲pào响xiǎng，四sì麺miàn伏fú兵bīng皆jiē出chū。式shì急jí退tuì时shí，魏wèi兵bīng塞sāi满mán谷gú口kǒu，围wéi得dé铁tié桶tǒng相xiāng似sì。式shì左zuǒ冲chōng右yòu突tū，不bù能néng得dé脱tuō。忽hū闻wén喊hǎn声shēng大dà震zhèn，一yī彪biāo军jūn杀shā入rù，乃nǎi是shì魏wèi延yán；救jiù了le陈chén式shì，回huí到dào谷gǔ中zhōng，五wǔ千qiān兵bīng只zhǐ剩shèng得dé四sì五wú百bǎi带dài伤shāng人rén马mǎ。

Then said Ch‘ên Shih, “I will tell you what I will do. I shall take my men, get through the valley and camp at Ch‘ishan. Then you will see how ashamed the minister will look.” Têng Chih argued and persuaded, but to no avail; the wilful leader hurried on to get out of the valley. Têng could only return as quickly as possible and report.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-14

背bèi后hòu魏wèi兵bīng赶gǎn来lái，却què得dé杜dù琼qióng、张zhāng嶷yí引yǐn兵bīng接jiē应yīng，魏wèi兵bīng方fāng退tuì。陈chén、魏wèi两liǎng人rén方fāng信xìn孔kǒng明míng先xiān见jiàn如rú神shén，懊ào悔huǐ不bù及jí。

Ch'ên Shih proceeded. He had not gone far when he heard a bomb, and he was in an ambush. He tried to withdraw, but the valley was full of the enemy, and he was surrounded as in an iron cask. All his efforts to get out failed. Then there was a shout, and Wei Yen came to the rescue. He saved his comrade, but his half legion was reduced to about a half company, and these wounded. Two other divisions coming up prevented pursuit, and finally the men of Wei retired. The two who had criticised K‘ung-ming’s powers of prevision no longer doubted that he saw very clearly. They regretted their own shortsightedness.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-15

且qiě说shuō邓dèng芝zhī回huí见jiàn孔kǒng明míng，言yán魏wèi延yán、陈chén式shì如rú此cǐ无wú礼lǐ。孔kǒng明míng笑xiào曰yuē：「魏wèi延yán素sù有yóu反fǎn相xiāng，吾wú知zhī彼bǐ常cháng有yǒu不bù平píng之zhī意yì；因yīn怜lián其qí勇yǒng而ér用yòng之zhī。久jiǔ后hòu必bì生shēng患huàn害hài。」正zhèng言yán间jiān，忽hū流liú星xīng马mǎ报bào到dào，说shuō陈chén式shì折zhé了le四sì千qiān余yú人rén，止zhí有yǒu四sì五wú百bǎi带dài伤shāng人rén马mǎ，屯tún在zài谷gǔ中zhōng。孔kǒng明míng令lìng邓dèng芝zhī再zài来lái箕jī谷gú抚fǔ慰wèi陈chén式shì，防fáng其qí生shēng变biàn；

When Têng Chih told his chief of the bad behaviour of Ch'ên and Wei he only laughed. “That fellow Wei has never been quite true; he has always been disposed to disobey and is unsteady. However, he is valiant, and so I have used him, but he will do real harm some day.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-16

一yī麺miàn唤huàn马mǎ岱dài、王wáng平píng分fēn付fù曰yuē：「斜xié谷gǔ若ruò有yǒu魏wèi兵bīng把bá守shǒu，汝rǔ二èr人rén引yín本běn部bù军jūn越yuè山shān岭lǐng，夜yè行xíng昼zhòu伏fú，速sù出chū祁qí山shān之zhī左zuǒ，举jú火huǒ为wèi号hào。」又yòu唤huàn马mǎ忠zhōng、张zhāng翼yì分fēn付fù曰yuē：「汝rú等děng亦yì从cóng山shān僻pì小xiǎo路lù，昼zhòu伏fú夜yè行xíng，迳jìng出chū祁qí山shān之zhī右yòu，举jú火huǒ为wèi号hào。与yú马mǎ岱dài、王wáng平píng会huì合hé，共gòng劫jié曹cáo真zhēn营yíng寨zhài。

Then came a messenger with news of Ch'ên’s defeat and loss of men. K‘ung-ming sent Têng Chih back again to console with him and so keep him from actual mutiny. Then he called to his tent Ma Tai and Wang P‘ing, and said, “If there are any of the men of Wei in Hsieh Valley you are to go across the Yüehshan range, marching by night and concealing yourselves by day, and make for the east of Ch‘ishan. When you arrive, make a fire as a signal. Ma Chung and Chang I were told to go in similar fashion to the west and join up with the other two. Then they were to make a joint attack on Ts‘ao Chên’s camp. The chief would also attack in the centre. Kuan Hsing and Miao Hua received secret orders, which are not recorded here.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-17

吾wú自zì从cóng谷gǔ中zhōng三sān麺miàn攻gōng之zhī，魏wèi兵bīng可kě破pò也yě。」四sì人rén领lǐng命mìng分fēn头tóu引yǐn兵bīng去qù了le。孔kǒng明míng又yòu唤huàn关guān兴xīng、廖liào化huà分fēn付fù曰yuē：「如rú此cǐ如rú此cǐ。」两liǎng人rén受shòu了le密mì计jì，引yǐn兵bīng而ér去qù。孔kǒng明míng自zì领lǐng精jīng兵bīng倍bèi道dào而ér行xíng。正zhèng行xíng间jiān，又yòu唤huàn吴wú班bān、吴wú懿yì授shòu与yǔ密mì计jì，亦yì引yǐn兵bīng先xiān行xíng。

The armies marched rapidly. Not long after starting, two other detachments led by Wu Pan and Wu I received secret orders and left the main body.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-18

却què说shuō曹cáo真zhēn心xīn中zhōng不bú信xìn蜀shǔ兵bīng来lái，以yí此cǐ怠dài慢màn，纵zòng令lìng军jūn士shì歇xiē息xī；只zhí等děng十shí日rì无wú事shì，要yào羞xiū司sī马mǎ懿yì。不bù觉jué守shǒu了le七qī日rì，忽hū有yǒu人rén报bào说shuō谷gǔ中zhōng有yǒu些xiē小xiáo蜀shǔ兵bīng出chū来lái。真zhēn令lìng副fù将jiāng秦qín良liáng引yín五wǔ千qiān兵bīng哨shào探tàn，不bù许xǔ纵zòng令lìng蜀shǔ军jūn近jìn界jiè。秦qín良liáng领lǐng命mìng，引yǐn兵bīng刚gāng到dào谷gǔ中zhōng，哨shào见jiàn蜀shǔ兵bīng退tuì去qù。

The doubts about the coming of the Shu army made Ts‘ao Chên careless, and he allowed his men to become slack and rest. He only thought of getting through the allotted ten days, when he would have the laugh against his colleague.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-19

良liáng急jí引yǐn兵bīng赶gǎn来lái，行xíng到dào五wǔ六liù十shí里lǐ，不bú见jiàn蜀shǔ兵bīng，心xīn下xià疑yí惑huò，教jiào军jūn士shì下xià马mǎ歇xiē息xī。忽hū哨shào马mǎ报bào说shuō：「前qián麺miàn有yóu蜀shǔ兵bīng埋mái伏fú。」良liáng上shàng马mǎ看kàn时shí，只zhǐ见jiàn山shān中zhōng尘chén土tǔ大dà起qǐ，急jí令lìng军jūn士shì隄dī防fáng。不bù一yī时shí，四sì壁bì厢xiāng喊hǎn声shēng大dà震zhèn：前qián麺miàn吴wú班bān、吴wú懿yì以yǐ兵bīng杀shā出chū，背bèi后hòu关guān兴xīng、廖liào化huà引yǐn兵bīng杀shā来lái。左zuǒ右yòu是shì山shān，皆jiē无wú路lù走zǒu。

Seven of the days had passed, when a scout reported a few odd men of Shu in the valley. Ts‘ao sent to reconnoitre and keep them at a distance. Ch‘in Liang was in command, and he led his men to the entrance of the valley. As soon as he arrived the enemy retired. Ch‘in Liang went after them, but they had disappeared. He was perplexed and puzzled, and while trying to decide, he told the men to dismount and rest.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-20

山shān上shàng蜀shǔ兵bīng大dà叫jiào：「下xià马mǎ投tóu降xiáng者zhé免mián死sǐ！」魏wèi军jūn大dà半bàn多duō降jiàng。秦qín良liáng死sǐ战zhàn，被bèi廖liào化huà一yī刀dāo斩zhǎn于yú马mǎ下xià。

But almost immediately he heard a shout, and ambushed men appeared in front of him. He jumped on his horse to look about him, and saw a great cloud of dust rising among the hills. He disposed his men for defence, but the shouting quickly came nearer, and then Wu Pan and Wu I appeared advancing towards him. Retreat was impossible, as the hills were on both sides, and from the hill-tops came shouts of “Dismount and yield!”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-21

孔kǒng明míng把bǎ降jiàng卒zú拘jū于yú后hòu军jūn，却què将jiāng魏wèi兵bīng衣yī甲jiá与yú蜀shǔ军jūn五wǔ千qiān人rén穿chuān了le，扮bàn作zuò魏wèi兵bīng，令lìng关guān兴xīng、廖liào化huà、吴wú班bān、吴wú懿yì四sì将jiāng引yǐn著zhù，迳jìng奔bēn曹cáo真zhēn寨zhài来lái；先xiān令lìng报bào马mǎ入rù寨zhài说shuō：「只zhí有yǒu些xiē小xiáo蜀shǔ兵bīng，侭jín赶gǎn去qù了le。」真zhēn大dà喜xǐ。忽hū报bào司sī马mǎ都dū督dū差chà心xīn腹fù人rén至zhì。真zhēn唤huàn入rù问wèn之zhī。其qí人rén告gào曰yuē：「今jīn蜀shǔ兵bīng用yòng埋mái伏fú计jì，杀shā魏wèi兵bīng四sì千qiān余yú人rén。

More than half did surrender. Ch‘in Liang was killed. K‘ung-ming put the men who had come over to his side in one of the rear divisions. With their dress and arms he disguised half a legion of his own men so that they looked like his enemies, and then he sent this division, under four trusty leaders, to raid Ts‘ao Chên’s camp. Before they reached the camp they sent one of their number ahead as a galloper to tell Ts‘ao Chên that there had been only a few men of Shu and they had all been chased out of sight, and so lull him into security.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-22

司sī马mǎ都dū督dū致zhì意yì将jiāng军jūn，教jiào休xiū将jiāng赌dǔ赛sài为wèi念niàn，务wù要yào用yòng心xīn隄dī备bèi。」真zhēn曰yuē：「吾wú这zhè里lǐ并bìng无wú一yí个gè蜀shǔ兵bīng。」遂suì打dǎ发fā来lái人rén回huí去qù。忽hū又yòu报bào秦qín良liáng引yǐn兵bīng回huí来lái了le。真zhēn自zì出chū帐zhàng迎yíng之zhī。比bǐ及jí到dào寨zhài，人rén报bào前qián后hòu两liǎng处chù火huó起qǐ。真zhēn急jí回huí寨zhài后hòu看kàn时shí，关guān兴xīng、廖liào化huà、吴wú班bān、吴wú懿yì四sì将jiāng，指zhǐ麾huī蜀shǔ军jūn，就jiù营yíng前qián杀shā将jiāng进jìn来lái；

This news satisfied Ts‘ao Chên. But just then a trusty messenger from Ssŭma came with a message, “Our men have fallen into an ambush and many have been killed. Do not think any more about the wager: that is cancelled. But take most careful precautions.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-23

马mǎ岱dài、王wáng平píng从cóng后hòu麺miàn杀shā来lái；马mǎ忠zhōng、张zhāng翼yì亦yì引yǐn兵bīng杀shā到dào。魏wèi兵bīng措cuò手shǒu不bù及jí，各gè自zì逃táo生shēng。众zhòng将jiāng保bǎo曹cáo真zhēn望wàng东dōng而ér走zǒu，背bèi后hòu蜀shǔ兵bīng赶gǎn来lái。

“But there is not a single man of Shu near,” said Ts‘ao Chên. He told the messenger to go back. Just then they told him Ch‘in Liang’s men had returned, and he went out to meet them. Just as he got near, someone remarked that some torches had flared up in the rear of his camp. He hastened thither to see. As soon as he was out of sight the four leaders waved on their men and dashed up to the camp. At the same time Ma Tai and Wang P‘ing came up behind and two other troops came out.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-24

曹cáo真zhēn正zhèng奔bēn走zǒu，忽hū然rán喊hǎn声shēng大dà震zhèn，一yī彪biāo军jūn杀shā到dào。真zhēn胆dǎn战zhàn心xīn惊jīng；视shì之zhī，乃nǎi司sī马mǎ懿yì也yě。懿yì大dà战zhàn一yī场cháng，蜀shǔ兵bīng方fāng退tuì。真zhēn得dé脱tuō，羞xiū惭cán无wú地dì。懿yì曰yuē：「诸zhū葛gě亮liàng夺duó了le祁qí山shān地dì势shì，吾wú等děng不bù可ké久jiǔ居jū此cǐ处chù；宜yí去qù渭wèi滨bīn安ān营yíng，再zài作zuò良liáng图tú。」真zhēn曰yuē：「仲zhòng达dá何hé以yǐ知zhī吾wú遭zāo此cǐ大dà败bài也yě？

The men of Wei were trapped and helpless; they scattered and fled for life. His officers got Ts‘ao Chên away to the eastward. The enemy chased them. As Ts‘ao fled there arose a great shouting, and up came a troop at full speed. Ts‘ao thought all was lost, and his heart sank, but it was Ssŭma, who drove off the pursuers. Though Ts‘ao was saved he was almost too ashamed to show his face. Then said Ssŭma, “Chuko Liang has seized Ch‘ishan, and we cannot remain here; let us go to Weipin, whence we may try to recover our lost ground.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-25

」懿yì曰yuē：「见jiàn来lái人rén报bào称chēng子zi丹dān说shuō并bìng无wú一yí个gè蜀shǔ兵bīng，吾wú料liào孔kǒng明míng暗àn来lái劫jié寨zhài，因yīn此cǐ知zhī之zhī，故gù相xiāng接jiē应yīng。今jīn果guǒ中zhòng计jì。切qiè莫mò言yán赌dǔ赛sài之zhī事shì，只zhǐ同tóng心xīn报bào国guó。」曹cáo真zhēn甚shèn是shì惶huáng恐kǒng，气qì成chéng疾jí病bìng，卧wò床chuáng不bù起qǐ。兵bīng屯tún渭wèi滨bīn，懿yì恐kǒng军jūn心xīn有yǒu乱luàn，不bù敢gǎn教jiào真zhēn引yǐn兵bīng。

“How did you know I was in danger of defeat?” asked Ts‘ao Chên. “My messenger told me what you had said, and I knew K‘ung-ming would try to seize your camp. So I came to your help. The enemy’s plan succeeded, but we will say no more about that wager. We must both do our best for the country.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-26

却què说shuō孔kǒng明míng大dà驱qū士shì马mǎ，复fù出chū祁qí山shān。劳láo军jūn已yǐ毕bì，魏wèi延yán、陈chén式shì、杜dù琼qióng、张zhāng嶷yí四sì将jiāng入rù帐zhàng拜bài伏fú请qǐng罪zuì。孔kǒng明míng曰yuē：「是shì谁shuí失shī陷xiàn了le军jūn来lái？」延yán曰yuē：「陈chén式shì不bù听tīng号hào令lìng，潜qián入rù谷gú口kǒu，以yí此cǐ大dà败bài。」式shì曰yuē：「此cǐ事shì魏wèi延yán教jiào我wǒ行xíng来lái。」孔kǒng明míng曰yuē：「他tā倒dào救jiù你nǐ，你ní反fǎn攀pān他tā！将jiàng令lìng已yǐ违wéi，不bú必bì巧qiǎo说shuō！

But the fright and excitement made Ts‘ao Chên ill, and he took to his bed. And while the men were in such a state of disorder Ssŭma was afraid to advise a return. They camped at Weipin. After this adventure K‘ung-ming hastened back to Chʻishan. After the soldiers had been feasted and services recognised, the four discontented leaders, headed by Wei Yen, came to the tent to apologise.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-27

」即jí令lìng武wǔ士shì推tuī出chū陈chén式shì斩zhǎn之zhī。须xū臾yú，悬xuán首shǒu于yú帐zhàng前qián，以yǐ示shì诸zhū将jiāng。此cǐ时shí孔kǒng明míng不bù杀shā魏wèi延yán，欲yù留liú之zhī以yǐ为wéi后hòu用yòng也yě。孔kǒng明míng既jì斩zhǎn了le陈chén式shì，正zhèng议yì进jìn兵bīng，忽hū有yǒu细xì作zuò报bào说shuō曹cáo真zhēn卧wò病bìng不bù起qǐ，现xiàn在zài营yíng中zhōng治zhì疗liáo。孔kǒng明míng大dà喜xǐ。谓wèi诸zhū将jiāng曰yuē：「若ruò曹cáo真zhēn病bìng轻qīng，必bì便biàn回huí长cháng安ān。

“Who caused the loss?” said K‘ung-ming. Wei Yen said, “Ch‘ên Shih disobeyed orders and rushed into the valley.” “Wei Yen told me to,” said Ch‘ên. “Would you still try to drag him down after he rescued you?” said K‘ung-ming. “However, when orders have been disobeyed it is useless to try and gloze it over.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-28

今jīn魏wèi兵bīng不bú退tuì，必bì为wèi病bìng重zhòng，故gù留liú于yú军jūn中zhōng，以yǐ安ān众zhòng人rén之zhī心xīn。吾wú写xiě下xià一yī书shū，教jiào秦qín良liáng的de降jiàng兵bīng持chí与yǔ曹cáo真zhēn，真zhēn若ruò见jiàn之zhī，必bì然rán死sí矣yǐ。」遂suì唤huàn降jiàng兵bīng至zhì帐zhàng下xià，问wèn曰yuē：「汝rú等děng皆jiē是shì魏wèi军jūn，父fù母mǔ妻qī子zǐ，多duō在zài中zhōng原yuán，不bù宜yí久jiǔ居jū蜀shǔ中zhōng。今jīn放fàng汝rú等děng回huí家jiā，若ruò何hé？」众zhòng军jūn泣qì泪lèi拜bài谢xiè。孔kǒng明míng曰yuē：「曹cáo子zi丹dān与yǔ吾wú有yǒu约yuē；

He sentenced Ch‘ên to death, and he was led away. Soon they brought his head into the presence of the assembled captains. Wei Yen was spared as there was yet work for him to accomplish. After this, K‘ung-ming prepared to advance. The scouts reported that Ts‘ao Chên was ill, but was being treated by doctors in his tent. The news pleased K‘ung-ming, and he said to his officers, “If he dies they will surely return to Ch‘angan. They must be delayed by his sickness. He stays on so that his men may not lose heart. Now I will write him such a letter that he will die.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-29

吾wú有yǒu一yī书shū，汝rú等děng带dài回huí，送sòng与yǔ子zi丹dān，必bì有yǒu重zhòng赏shǎng。」魏wèi军jūn领lǐng了le书shū，奔bēn回huí本běn寨zhài，将jiāng孔kǒng明míng书shū呈chéng与yǔ曹cáo真zhēn。真zhēn扶fú病bìng而ér起qǐ，拆chāi封fēng视shì之zhī。其qí书shū曰yuē：

Then he called up the men of Wei who had yielded, and said to them, “You are Wei men and your families are all over there: it is wrong for you to serve me. Suppose I let you go home?” They thanked him, falling prostrate and weeping. Then K‘ung-ming continued, “Friend Ts‘ao and I have a compact, and I have a letter for him which you shall take. The bearer will be well rewarded.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-30

汉hàn丞chéng相xiàng武wǔ乡xiāng侯hóu诸zhū葛gě亮liàng，致zhì书shū于yú大dà司sī马mǎ曹cáo子zi丹dān之zhī前qián：窃qiè谓wèi夫fū为wèi将jiāng者zhě：能néng去qù能néng就jiù，能néng柔róu能néng刚gāng；能néng进jìn能néng退tuì，能néng弱ruò能néng强qiáng。不bú动dòng如rú山shān岳yuè，难nán知zhī如rú阴yīn阳yáng；无wú穷qióng如rú天tiān地dì，充chōng实shí如rú太tài仓cāng；浩hào渺miǎo如rú四sì海hǎi，眩xuàn曜yào如rú三sān光guāng。预yù知zhī天tiān文wén之zhī旱hàn涝lào，先xiān识shí地dì理lǐ之zhī平píng康kāng。察chá阵zhèn势shì之zhī期qī会huì，揣chuāi敌dí人rén之zhī短duǎn长cháng。

They received the letter and ran home to their own tents, where they gave their general the letter. Ts‘ao Chên was too ill to rise, but he opened the cover and read:—“The Prime Minister of Han, Chuko Liang, to the Minister of War, Ts‘ao Tzŭ-tan: “You will permit me to say that a leader of an army should be able to go and come, to be facile and obdurate, to advance and retire, to show himself weak or strong, to be immovable as mountains, to be inscrutable as the operations of nature, to be infinite as the universe, to be everlasting as the blue void, to be vast as the ocean, to be dazzling as the lights of heaven, to foresee droughts and floods, to know the nature of the ground, to understand the possibilities of battle arrays, to conjecture the excellences and defects of the enemy.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-31

嗟jiē尔ěr无wú学xué后hòu辈bèi，上shàng逆nì穹qióng苍cāng，助zhù篡cuàn国guó之zhī反fǎn贼zéi，称chēng帝dì号hào于yú洛luò阳yáng；走zǒu残cán兵bīng于yú斜xié谷gǔ，遭zāo霖lín雨yǔ于yú陈chén仓cāng！水shuǐ陆lù困kùn乏fá，人rén马mǎ猖chāng狂kuáng！抛pāo盈yíng郊jiāo之zhī戈gē甲jiǎ，弃qì满mǎn地dì之zhī刀dāo枪qiāng！都dū督dū心xīn崩bēng而ér胆dǎn裂liè，将jiāng军jūn鼠shǔ窜cuàn而ér狼láng忙máng！无wú麺miàn见jiàn关guān中zhōng之zhī父fù老lǎo，何hé颜yán入rù相xiāng府fǔ之zhī厅tīng堂táng！

“Alas! one of your sort, ignorant and inferior, rising impudently in heaven’s vault, has had the presumption to assist a rebel to assume the imperial style and state at Loyang, to send some miserable soldiers into Hsiehku. There they happened upon drenching rain. The difficult roads wearied both men and horses, driving them frantic. Weapons and armour littered the countryside, swords and spears covered the ground. You, the Commander-in-chief, were heart-broken and cowed, your captains fled like rats. You dare not show your faces at home, nor can you enter the halls of state. The historians' pens will record your—salaries; the people will recount your—infamies. Chung-ta (Ssŭma I) is frightened when he hears of battle fronts, you are alarmed at mere rumours. My men are fierce and their steeds strong; my great captains are eager as tigers and majestic as dragons. I shall sweep Ts‘inchüan bare and make Wei desolate.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-32

史shǐ官guān秉bíng笔bǐ而ér纪jì录lù，百bǎi姓xìng众zhòng口kǒu而ér传chuán扬yáng：仲zhòng达dá闻wén阵zhèn而ér惕tì惕tì，子zi丹dān望wàng风fēng而ér遑huáng遑huáng！吾wú军jūn兵bīng强qiáng而ér马mǎ壮zhuàng，大dà将jiàng虎hǔ奋fèn以yǐ龙lóng骧xiāng！扫sǎo秦qín川chuān为wèi平píng壤rǎng，荡dàng魏wèi国guó作zuò坵qiū荒huāng！

“Alas! one of your sort, ignorant and inferior, rising impudently in heaven’s vault, has had the presumption to assist a rebel to assume the imperial style and state at Loyang, to send some miserable soldiers into Hsiehku. There they happened upon drenching rain. The difficult roads wearied both men and horses, driving them frantic. Weapons and armour littered the countryside, swords and spears covered the ground. You, the Commander-in-chief, were heart-broken and cowed, your captains fled like rats. You dare not show your faces at home, nor can you enter the halls of state. The historians' pens will record your—salaries; the people will recount your—infamies. Chung-ta (Ssŭma I) is frightened when he hears of battle fronts, you are alarmed at mere rumours. My men are fierce and their steeds strong; my great captains are eager as tigers and majestic as dragons. I shall sweep Ts‘inchüan bare and make Wei desolate.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-33

曹cáo真zhēn看kàn毕bì，恨hèn气qì填tián胸xiōng，至zhì晚wán死sǐ于yú军jūn中zhōng。司sī马mǎ懿yì用yòng兵bīng车chē装zhuāng载zài，差chà人rén送sòng赴fù洛luò阳yáng安ān葬zàng。魏wèi主zhǔ闻wén知zhī曹cáo真zhēn已yí死sǐ，即jí下xià诏zhào催cuī司sī马mǎ懿yì出chū战zhàn。懿yì提tí大dà军jūn来lái与yú孔kǒng明míng交jiāo锋fēng，隔gé日rì先xiān下xià战zhàn书shū。

Ts‘ao Chên’s wrath rose as he read; at the end it filled his breast. He died that evening. His colleague sent his coffin to Loyang on a waggon. When King Jui heard of the death, he issued an edict urging Ssŭma to prosecute the war, to raise a great army and fight with Chuko Liang.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-34

孔kǒng明míng谓wèi诸zhū将jiāng曰yuē：「曹cáo真zhēn必bì死sí矣yǐ。」遂suì批pī回huí来lái日rì交jiāo锋fēng。使shí者zhě去qù了le。孔kǒng明míng当dāng夜yè教jiào姜jiāng维wéi受shòu了le密mì计jì，如rú此cǐ而ér行xíng；又yòu唤huàn关guān兴xīng分fēn付fù，如rú此cǐ如rú此cǐ。次cì日rì，孔kǒng明míng侭jín起qǐ祁qí山shān之zhī兵bīng前qián到dào渭wèi滨bīn：一yī边biān是shì河hé，一yī边biān是shì山shān，中zhōng央yāng平píng川chuān旷kuàng野yě，好hǎo片piàn战zhàn场chǎng！两liǎng军jūn相xiāng迎yíng，以yǐ弓gōng箭jiàn射shè住zhù阵zhèn角jiǎo。

Adeclaration of war was sent one day in advance, and K‘ung-ming replied that he would fight on the morrow. After the envoy had left, K‘ung-ming called Chiang Wei by night to receive secret orders. He also summoned Kuan Hsing and told him what to do.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-35

三sān通tōng鼓gǔ罢bà，魏wèi阵zhèn中zhōng门mén旗qí开kāi处chù，司sī马mǎ懿yì出chū马mǎ，众zhòng将jiāng随suí后hòu而ér出chū。只zhǐ见jiàn孔kǒng明míng端duān坐zuò于yú四sì轮lún车chē上shàng，手shǒu摇yáo羽yǔ扇shàn。懿yì曰yuē：「吾wú主zhǔ上shàng法fǎ效xiào尧yáo禅chán舜shùn，相xiāng传chuán两liǎng帝dì，坐zuò镇zhèn中zhōng原yuán，容róng汝rú蜀shǔ、吴wú二èr国guó者zhě，乃nǎi吾wú主zhǔ宽kuān慈cí仁rén厚hòu，恐kǒng伤shāng百bǎi姓xìng也yě。汝rú乃nǎi南nán阳yáng一yī耕gēng夫fū，不bù识shí天tiān数shù，强qiáng要yào相xiāng侵qīn，理lǐ宜yí殄tiǎn灭miè！

Next morning the whole force marched to the bank of the Wei River and took up a position in a wide plain with the river on one flank and hills on the other. The two armies saluted each other’s appearance with heavy flights of arrows. After the drums had rolled thrice the Wei centre opened at the great standard and Ssŭma appeared, followed by his officers. Opposite was K‘ung-ming, in a four-horse chariot, waving his feather fan. Ssŭma addressed him, “Our master’s ascension of the throne was after the manner of Yao, who abdicated in favour of Shun. Two emperors have succeeded and have their seat in the capital district. Because of his liberality and graciousness, my lord has suffered the rule of Shu and Wu lest the people should suffer in a struggle. You, who are but a peasant from Nanyang, ignorant of the ways of Heaven, wish to invade us, and you should be destroyed, but if you will examine your heart and repent of your fault and retire, then each may main tain his own borders, and a settled state will be attained. Thus the people may be spared distress, and you will all save your lives.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-36

如rú省shěng心xīn改gǎi过guò，宜yí即jí早zǎo回huí，各gè守shǒu疆jiāng界jiè，以yǐ成chéng鼎dǐng足zú之zhī势shì，免miǎn致zhì生shēng灵líng涂tú炭tàn，汝rú等děng皆jiē得dé全quán生shēng！」孔kǒng明míng笑xiào曰yuē：「吾wú受shòu先xiān帝dì托tuō孤gū之zhī重zhòng，安ān肯kěn不bù倾qīng心xīn竭jié力lì以yí讨tǎo贼zéi乎hū？汝rǔ曹cáo氏shì不bù久jiǔ为wèi汉hàn所suǒ灭miè。汝rú祖zǔ父fù皆jiē为wèi汉hàn臣chén，世shì食shí汉hàn禄lù，不bù思sī报bào效xiào，反fǎn助zhù篡cuàn逆nì，岂qǐ不bú自zì耻chǐ？」懿yì羞xiū惭cán满mǎn麺miàn曰yuē：「吾wú与yú汝rǔ决jué一yī雌cí雄xióng！

Ssŭma addressed him, “Our master’s ascension of the throne was after the manner of Yao, who abdicated in favour of Shun. Two emperors have succeeded and have their seat in the capital district. Because of his liberality and graciousness, my lord has suffered the rule of Shu and Wu lest the people should suffer in a struggle. You, who are but a peasant from Nanyang, ignorant of the ways of Heaven, wish to invade us, and you should be destroyed, but if you will examine your heart and repent of your fault and retire, then each may main tain his own borders, and a settled state will be attained. Thus the people may be spared distress, and you will all save your lives.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-37

汝rǔ若ruò能néng胜shèng，吾wú誓shì不bù为wéi大dà将jiàng！汝rǔ若ruò败bài时shí，早zǎo归guī故gù里lǐ，吾wú并bìng不bù加jiā害hài！」

K‘ung-ming smiled and replied, “Our late Emperor entrusted to me the custody of his orphan son: think you that I shall fail to exert myself to the uttermost to destroy rebels against his authority? Your soldiers of the Ts‘ao family will soon be exterminated by Han. Your ancestors were servants of Han and for generations ate of their bounty. Yet, instead of giving grateful service, you assist usurpers. Are you not ashamed?” The flush of shame spread over Ssŭma’s face, but he replied, “We will try the test of battle. If you can conquer, I pledge myself to be no longer a leader of armies; but if you are defeated, then you will retire at once to your own village and I will not harm you.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-38

孔kǒng明míng曰yuē：「汝rǔ欲yù斗dòu将jiāng？斗dòu兵bīng？斗dòu阵zhèn法fǎ？」懿yì曰yuē：「先xiān斗dòu阵zhèn法fǎ。」孔kǒng明míng曰yuē：「先xiān布bú阵zhèn我wǒ看kàn。」懿yì入rù中zhōng军jūn帐zhàng下xià，手shǒu执zhí黄huáng旗qí招zhāo展zhǎn，左zuǒ右yòu军jūn动dòng，排pái成chéng一yī阵zhèn，复fù上shàng马mǎ出chū阵zhèn，问wèn曰yuē：「汝rǔ识shí吾wú阵zhèn否fǒu？」孔kǒng明míng笑xiào曰yuē：「吾wú军jūn中zhōng末mò将jiāng，亦yì能néng布bù之zhī！此cí乃nǎi『混hùn元yuán一yī气qì阵zhèn』也yě。」懿yì曰yuē：「汝rǔ布bú阵zhèn我wǒ看kàn。

“Do you desire a contest of captains, or of weapons, or of battle array?” asked K‘ung-ming. “Let us try a contest of battle array,” replied Ssŭma. “Then draw up your array that I may see,” said K‘ung-ming. Ssŭma withdrew within the line and signalled to his officers with a yellow flag to draw up their men. When he had finished, he rode again to the front, saying, “Do you recognise my formation?” “The least of my captains can do as well,” said K‘ung-ming, smiling. “This is called the 'Hung-yüan-i-ch‘i' formation.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-39

」孔kǒng明míng入rù阵zhèn，把bá羽yǔ扇shàn一yī摇yáo，复fù出chū阵zhèn前qián，问wèn曰yuē：「汝rǔ识shí我wǒ阵zhèn否fǒu？」懿yì曰yuē：「量liàng此cǐ『八bā卦guà阵zhèn』，如rú何hé不bù识shí！」孔kǒng明míng曰yuē：「识shí便biàn识shí了le，敢gán打dá我wǒ阵zhèn否fǒu？」懿yì曰yuē：「既jì识shí之zhī，如rú何hé不bù敢gán打dǎ！」孔kǒng明míng曰yuē：「汝rú只zhí管guán打dǎ来lái。」

“Now you try while I look on,” said Ssŭma. K‘ung-ming entered the lines and waved his fan. Then he came out and said, “Do you recognise that?” “Of course; this is the pa-kua .” “Yes; you seem to know it. But dare you attack?” “Why not, since I know it?” replied Ssŭma. “Then you need only try.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-40

司sī马mǎ懿yì回huí到dào本běn阵zhèn中zhōng，唤huàn戴dài陵líng、张zhāng虎hǔ、乐lè琳lín三sān将jiāng，分fēn付fù曰yuē：「今jīn孔kǒng明míng所suǒ布bù之zhī阵zhèn，按àn休xiū、生shēng、伤shāng、杜dù、景jǐng、死sǐ、惊jīng、开kāi八bā门mén。汝rǔ三sān人rén可kě从cóng正zhèng东dōng生shēng门mén打dǎ入rù，往wǎng西xī南nán休xiū门mén杀shā出chū，复fù从cóng正zhèng北běi开kāi门mén杀shā入rù：此cǐ阵zhèn可kě破pò。汝rú等déng小xiǎo心xīn在zài意yì！

Ssŭma entered the ranks and called to him three captains, Tai Ling, Chang Hu and Yüeh Lin, to whom he said, “That formation consists of eight gates of well-known names. You will go in from the east at the Gate of Life, turn to the southwest and make your way out by the Gate of Destruction. Then enter at the north, at the Open Gate, and the formation will be broken up. But be cautious.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-41

」于yú是shì戴dài凌líng在zài中zhōng，张zhāng虎hǔ在zài前qián，乐lè琳lín在zài后hòu，各gè引yǐn三sān十shí骑qí，从cóng生shēng门mén打dǎ入rù。两liǎng军jūn呐nà喊hǎn相xiāng助zhù。三sān人rén杀shā入rù蜀shǔ阵zhèn，只zhǐ见jiàn阵zhèn如rú连lián城chéng，冲chōng突tū不bù出chū。三sān人rén慌huāng引yǐn骑qí转zhuǎn过guò阵zhèn脚jiǎo，往wǎng西xī南nán冲chōng去qù，却què被bèi蜀shǔ兵bīng射shè住zhù，冲chōng突tū不bù出chū。阵zhèn中zhōng重chóng重chóng叠dié叠dié，都dōu有yǒu门mén户hù，那nà里lǐ分fēn东dōng西xī南nán北běi？

Ssŭma entered the ranks and called to him three captains, Tai Ling, Chang Hu and Yüeh Lin, to whom he said, “That formation consists of eight gates of well-known names. You will go in from the east at the Gate of Life, turn to the southwest and make your way out by the Gate of Destruction. Then enter at the north, at the Open Gate, and the formation will be broken up. But be cautious.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-42

三sān将jiāng不bù能néng相xiāng顾gù，只zhí管guǎn乱luàn撞zhuàng，但dàn见jiàn愁chóu云yún漠mò漠mò，惨cǎn雾wù蒙méng蒙méng。喊hǎn声shēng起qǐ处chù，魏wèi军jūn一yí个gè个gè皆jiē被bèi缚fù了le，送sòng到dào中zhōng军jūn。

They started with Chang Hu leading, Tai Ling next and Yüeh Lin in rear, each with thirty horsemen. They made their way in at the Gate of Life amid the applause of both sides. But when they had got within they found themselves facing a wall of troops and could not find a way out. They hastily led their men round by the base of the line toward the south-west to rush out there. But they were stopped by a flight of arrows. They became confused and saw many gates, but they had lost their bearings. Nor could they aid each other. They dashed hither and thither in disorder, lost as in gathering clouds and rolling mists. Then a shout arose, and each one was seized and bound. They were taken to the centre, where K‘ung-ming sat in his tent, and the three leaders with their ninety men were ranged in front.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-43

孔kǒng明míng坐zuò于yú帐zhàng中zhōng，左zuǒ右yòu将jiāng张zhāng虎hǔ、戴dài陵líng、乐lè琳lín并bìng九jiǔ十shí个gè军jūn，皆jiē缚fù在zài帐zhàng下xià。孔kǒng明míng笑xiào曰yuē：「吾wú纵zòng然rán捉zhuō得dé汝rú等děng，何hé足zú为wéi奇qí！吾wú放fàng汝rú等děng回huí见jiàn司sī马mǎ懿yì，教jiào他tā再zài读dú兵bīng书shū，重zhòng观guān战zhàn策cè，那nà时shí来lái决jué雌cí雄xióng，未wèi为wèi迟chí也yě。汝rú等děng性xìng命mìng既jì饶ráo，当dāng留liú下xià军jūn器qì战zhàn马mǎ。」遂suì将jiāng众zhòng人rén衣yī甲jiǎ脱tuō了le，以yǐ墨mò涂tú麺miàn，步bù行xíng出chū阵zhèn。

“Indeed you are prisoners; are you surprised?” said K‘ung-ming, smiling. “But I will set you free to return to your leader, and tell him to read his books again, and study his tactics, before he comes to try conclusions with me. You are pardoned, but leave your weapons and horses.” So they were stripped of their arms and armour and their faces blackened. Thus were they led on foot out of the array. Ssŭma lost his temper at sight of his men thus put to shame.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-44

司sī马mǎ懿yì见jiàn之zhī大dà怒nù，回huí顾gù诸zhū将jiāng曰yuē：「如rú此cǐ挫cuò败bài锐ruì气qì，有yǒu何hé麺miàn目mù回huí见jiàn中zhōng原yuán大dà臣chén耶yé！」即jí指zhǐ挥huī三sān军jūn，奋fèn死sǐ掠lüè阵zhèn。懿yì自zì拔bá剑jiàn在zài手shǒu，引yín百bǎi余yú骁xiāo将jiàng，催cuī督dū冲chōng杀shā。两liǎng军jūn恰qià才cái相xiāng会huì，忽hū然rán阵zhèn后hòu鼓gú角jiǎo齐qí鸣míng，喊hǎn声shēng大dà震zhèn，一yī彪biāo军jūn从cóng西xī南nán上shàng杀shā来lái：乃nǎi关guān兴xīng也yě。懿yì分fēn后hòu军jūn当dāng之zhī，复fù摧cuī军jūn向xiàng前qián厮sī杀shā。

Said he, “After this disgrace, how can I face the other officers in the capital?”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-45

忽hū然rán魏wèi兵bīng大dà乱luàn。原yuán来lái姜jiāng维wéi引yǐn一yī彪biāo军jūn悄qiāo地dì杀shā来lái。蜀shǔ兵bīng三sān路lù夹jiā攻gōng，懿yì大dà惊jīng，急jí忙máng退tuì军jūn。蜀shǔ兵bīng周zhōu围wéi杀shā到dào，懿yì引yǐn三sān军jūn望wàng南nán死sǐ命mìng冲chōng出chū。魏wèi兵bīng十shí伤shāng六liù七qī。司sī马mǎ懿yì退tuì在zài渭wèi滨bīn南nán岸àn下xià寨zhài，坚jiān守shǒu不bù出chū。

He gave the signal for the army to fall on and attack the enemy, and, grasping his sword, led his brave captains into the fray and commanded the attack. But just as the two sides came to blows, Kuan Hsing came up, his drums rolling and men shouting, and attacked. Ssŭma told off a division from the rear to oppose him, and again turned to urge on his main body. Then the army of Wei was thrown into confusion by another attack from Chiang Wei, who came up silently and joined in the battle. Thus three sides of the Wei army were engaged by three different divisions of the enemy, and Ssŭma decided to retire. However, this was difficult. The men of Shu hemmed him in and came closer every moment. At last, by a desperate push, he made an opening toward the south and freed his army. But he had lost six or seven out of every ten of his soldiers.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-46

孔kǒng明míng收shōu得dé胜shèng之zhī兵bīng，回huí到dào祁qí山shān时shí，永yǒng安ān城chéng李lǐ严yán遣qiǎn都dū尉wèi茍jì安ān解jiè送sòng粮liáng米mǐ，至zhì军jūn中zhōng交jiāo割gē。茍jì安ān好háo酒jiǔ，于yú路lù怠dài慢màn，违wéi限xiàn十shí日rì。孔kǒng明míng大dà怒nù曰yuē：「吾wú军jūn中zhōng专zhuān以yǐ粮liáng为wéi大dà事shì，误wù了le三sān日rì，便biàn该gāi处chù斩zhǎn！汝rǔ今jīn误wù了le十shí日rì，有yǒu何hé理lǐ说shuō！」喝hè令lìng推tuī出chū斩zhǎn之zhī。长zháng史shǐ杨yáng仪yí曰yuē；

The Wei army withdrew to the south bank of the Wei River and camped. They strengthened their position and remained entirely on the defensive. K‘ung-ming mustered his victorious army and returned to Ch‘ishan.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-47

「茍jì安ān乃nái李lǐ严yán用yòng人rén，又yòu兼jiān钱qián粮liáng多duō出chū西xī川chuān，若ruò杀shā此cǐ人rén，后hòu无wú人rén敢gǎn送sòng粮liáng也yě。」孔kǒng明míng乃nǎi叱chì武wǔ士shì去qù其qí缚fù，仗zhàng八bā十shí放fàng之zhī。茍jì安ān被bèi责zé，心xīn中zhōng怀huái恨hèn，连lián夜yè引yǐn亲qīn随suí五wǔ六liù骑qí，迳jìng奔bēn魏wèi寨zhài投tóu降xiáng。懿yì唤huàn入rù，茍jì安ān拜bài告gào前qián事shì。懿yì曰yuē：「虽suī然rán如rú此cǐ，孔kǒng明míng多duō谋móu，汝rǔ言yán难nán信xìn。

Now Li Yen sent an officer, a Tu-yu, named Kou An, from Jungan with a convoy of grain. This man was a drunkard and loitered on the road so that he arrived ten days late. K‘ung-ming, angry at the delay, upbraided him, saying, “This grain is of the utmost importance to the army and you delay it. Three days' delay ought to mean the death penalty; what can you say to this delay of ten?” Kou was sentenced to death and hustled out. But two officers ventured to intervene. They said, “Kou An is a servant of Li Yen’s, and Li has sent large supplies of all sorts from the west. If you put this man to death perhaps others will not undertake escort duty.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-48

汝rǔ能néng为wéi我wǒ干gàn一yī件jiàn大dà功gōng，吾wú那nà时shí奏zòu准zhǔn天tiān子zi，保báo汝rǔ为wèi上shàng将jiàng。」安ān曰yuē：「但dàn有yǒu甚shèn事shì，即jí当dāng效xiào力lì。」懿yì曰yuē：「汝rú可kě回huí成chéng都dū布bú散sàn流liú言yán，说shuō孔kǒng明míng有yǒu怨yuàn上shàng之zhī意yì，早záo晚wǎn欲yù称chēng为wéi帝dì，使shí汝rú主zhǔ诏zhào回huí孔kǒng明míng，便biàn是shì汝rǔ之zhī功gōng。」

K‘ung-ming then bade the executioners loose the offender, give him eighty blows and let him go. This punishment filled Kou An’s heart with bitter resentment, and, in the night, he deserted to the enemy, he and his half dozen personal staff. He was taken before Ssŭma and told the tale of his wrongs. “Your tale may be true, but it is hard to trust it,” said Ssŭma. “K‘ung-ming is full of guile. However, you may render me a service, and if you do, I will ask the king that you may be allowed to serve him and obtain a post for you.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-49

茍jì安ān允yǔn诺nuò，迳jìng回huí成chéng都dū，见jiàn了le宦huàn官guān，布bú散sàn流liú言yán，说shuō孔kǒng明míng自zì倚yǐ大dà功gōng，早záo晚wǎn必bì将jiāng篡cuàn国guó。宦huàn官guān闻wén知zhī大dà惊jīng，即jí入rù内nèi奏zòu帝dì，细xì言yán前qián事shì。后hòu主zhǔ惊jīng讶yà曰yuē：「似shì此cǐ如rú之zhī奈nài何hé？」宦huàn官guān曰yuē：「可kě诏zhào还hái成chéng都dū，消xiāo其qí兵bīng权quán，免miǎn生shēng叛pàn逆nì。」后hòu主zhǔ下xià诏zhào，宣xuān孔kǒng明míng班bān师shī回huí朝cháo。

“Whatever you ask I will do the best I can,” replied the deserter. “Then go to Ch‘êngtu and spread a lying report that K‘ung-ming is angry with the powers there and means to make himself emperor. This will get him recalled, and that will be a merit to you.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-50

蒋jiáng琬wǎn出chū班bān奏zòu曰yuē：「丞chéng相xiàng自zì出chū师shī以yǐ来lái，累lèi建jiàn大dà功gōng，何hé故gù宣xuān回huí？」后hòu主zhǔ曰yuē：「朕zhèn有yǒu机jī密mì事shì，必bì须xū与yǔ丞chéng相xiàng麺miàn议yì。」即jí遣qián使shǐ赍jī诏zhào星xīng夜yè宣xuān孔kǒng明míng回huí。

Kou An accepted the treacherous mission. In Ch'êngtu he got hold of the eunuchs and told them his lying tale. They became alarmed for their own safety and told the Emperor all these things. “In such a case what am I to do?” asked the Later Ruler. “Recall him to the capital,” said the eunuchs; “and take away his military powers so that he cannot rebel.” The Later Ruler issued an edict recalling the army. “The minister has rendered many and great services since he led out the army; wherefore is he recalled?” said Chiang Wan. “I have a private matter to consult him about,” said the king. “I must see him personally.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-51

使shǐ命mìng迳jìng到dào祁qí山shān大dà寨zhài，孔kǒng明míng接jiē入rù，受shòu诏zhào以yǐ毕bì，仰yǎng天tiān叹tàn曰yuē：「主zhǔ上shàng年nián幼yòu，必bì有yǒu佞nìng臣chén在zài侧cè！吾wú正zhèng欲yù建jiàn功gōng，何hé故gù取qǔ回huí？我wǒ如rú不bù回huí，是shì欺qī主zhú也yě。若ruò奉fèng命mìng而ér退tuì，日rì后hòu再zài难nán得dé此cǐ机jī会huì也yě。」姜jiāng维wéi问wèn曰yuē：「若ruò大dà军jūn退tuì，司sī马mǎ懿yì乘chéng势shì掩yǎn杀shā，当dāng复fù如rú何hé？

So the edict was issued and sent to K‘ung-ming. The messenger was at once received as soon as he reached Ch‘ishan. “My king is young, and there is some jealous person by his side,” said K‘ung-ming sadly. “I was just going to achieve some solid success; why am I recalled? If I go not, I shall insult my king; if I retire, I shall never get such a chance again.” “If the army retire, Ssŭma will attack,” said Chiang Wei.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-52

」孔kǒng明míng曰yuē：「吾wú今jīn退tuì军jūn，可kě分fēn五wǔ路lù而ér退tuì：今jīn日rì先xiān退tuì此cǐ营yíng。假jiǎ如rú营yíng内nèi兵bīng一yī千qiān，却què掘jué二èr千qiān灶zào。今jīn日rì掘jué三sān千qiān灶zào，明míng日rì掘jué四sì千qiān灶zào，每měi日rì退tuì军jūn，添tiān灶zào而ér行xíng。」杨yáng仪yí曰yuē：「昔xī孙sūn膑bìn擒qín庞páng涓juān，用yòng添tiān兵bīng减jiǎn灶zào之zhī法fǎ；今jīn丞chéng相xiàng退tuì兵bīng，何hé故gù增zēng灶zào？」孔kǒng明míng曰yuē：「司sī马mǎ懿yì善shàn能néng用yòng兵bīng，知zhī吾wú退tuì兵bīng，必bì然rán追zhuī赶gǎn；

“I will retire in five divisions. Thus to-day this camp goes. Supposing that there are a thousand men in the camp, then I shall have two thousand cooking places prepared, or if there are three thousand men, then four thousand cooking places shall be got ready; and so on, increasing the cooking arrangements as the men are sent away.”

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-53

心xīn中zhōng疑yí吾wú有yǒu伏fú兵bīng，定dìng于yú旧jiù营yíng内nèi数shù灶zào；见jiàn每měi日rì增zēng灶zào，兵bīng又yòu不bù知zhī退tuì与yǔ不bú退tuì，则zé疑yí不bù敢gǎn追zhuī。吾wú徐xú徐xú而ér退tuì，自zì无wú损sǔn兵bīng之zhī患huàn。」遂suì传chuán令lìng退tuì军jūn。

Yang I said, “In the days of old, when Sun Pin was attacking P‘ang Chüan, the cooking arrangements were decreased as the men were increased. Why do you reverse this, O Minister?” “Because Ssŭma is an able leader and would pursue if he knew we were retreating. But he would recognise the probability of an ambush, and if he sees an increase in the cooking arrangements in a camp he will be unable to conclude whether the men have gone or not, and he will not pursue. Thus I shall gradually withdraw without loss.” The order for retreat was given.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-54

却què说shuō司sī马mǎ懿yì料liào茍jì安ān行xíng计jì停tíng当dàng，只zhǐ待dài蜀shǔ兵bīng退tuì时shí，一yī齐qí掩yǎn杀shā。正zhèng踌chóu躇chú间jiān，忽hū报bào蜀shǔ寨zhài空kōng虚xū，人rén马mǎ皆jiē去qù。懿yì因yīn孔kǒng明míng多duō谋móu，不bù敢gǎn轻qīng追zhuī，自zì引yín百bǎi余yú骑qí前qián来lái蜀shǔ营yíng内nèi踏tà看kàn，教jiào军jūn士shì数shù灶zào，仍réng回huí本běn寨zhài；次cì日rì，又yòu教jiào军jūn士shì赶gǎn到dào那nà个ge营yíng内nèi，查chá点diǎn灶zào数shù。回huí报bào说shuō：「这zhè营yíng内nèi之zhī灶zào，比bǐ前qián又yòu增zēng一yī分fēn。

Confident of the effect that Kou An’s lying report would produce, Ssŭma waited for the retreat of the Shu army to begin. He was still waiting when the scouts told him the enemy’s camps were empty. Wishing to make sure, he rode out himself with a small reconnoitring party and inspected the empty camps. Then he bade them count the stoves. Soon after he paid a second visit, and again the cooking stoves were counted. The count showed an increase of a tenth.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-55

」司sī马mǎ懿yì谓wèi诸zhū将jiāng曰yuē：「吾wú料liào孔kǒng明míng多duō谋móu，今jīn果guǒ添tiān兵bīng增zēng灶zào，吾wú若ruò追zhuī之zhī，必bì中zhōng其qí计jì；不bù如rú且qiě退tuì，再zài作zuò良liáng图tú。」于yú是shì回huí军jūn不bù追zhuī。孔kǒng明míng不bù折zhé一yī人rén，望wàng成chéng都dū而ér去qù。次cì后hòu川chuān口kóu土tǔ人rén来lái报bào司sī马mǎ懿yì，说shuō孔kǒng明míng退tuì兵bīng之zhī时shí，未wèi见jiàn添tiān兵bīng，只zhǐ见jiàn增zēng灶zào。懿yì仰yǎng天tiān长cháng叹tàn曰yuē：「孔kǒng明míng效xiào虞yú诩xǔ之zhī法fǎ，瞒mán过guò吾wú也yě！

Confident of the effect that Kou An’s lying report would produce, Ssŭma waited for the retreat of the Shu army to begin. He was still waiting when the scouts told him the enemy’s camps were empty. Wishing to make sure, he rode out himself with a small reconnoitring party and inspected the empty camps. Then he bade them count the stoves. Soon after he paid a second visit, and again the cooking stoves were counted. The count showed an increase of a tenth. “I felt sure that K‘ung-ming would have some ruse ready. He has increased the cooking arrangements, and so, if we pursue, he will be ready for us. No; we also will retire and await another opportunity.” So there was no pursuit, and K‘ung-ming did not lose a man. By and by, men came in from Ch‘uank‘ou to say that the retreat was a fact and that only the cooking arrangements had been increased, not the men. Ssŭma knew that he had been tricked, and once more acknowledged sadly his rival’s superior guile. And he set out for Loyang. When players of equal skill are matched, Then victory hovers between; Perhaps your opponent’s a genius, So put on your lowliest mien. What happened when K‘ung-ming reached Ch‘êngtu will be told next.

Brewitt-Taylor · 1925 · public domain

100-56

其qí谋móu略lüè吾wú不bù如rú之zhī！」遂suì引yǐn大dà军jūn回huí洛luò阳yáng。正zhèng是shì：

“In stratagem I am no match for him!” So he led the great army back to Luoyang. It is said:

GLM · 2026 · machine-generated

100-57

棋qí逢féng敌dí手shǒu难nán相xiāng胜shèng，将jiāng过guò良liáng才cái不bù敢gǎn骄jiāo。

When chess meets its equal, neither side can win; When generals face true talent, none dares be proud.

GLM · 2026 · machine-generated

100-58

未wèi知zhī孔kǒng明míng回huí到dào成chéng都dū，竟jìng是shì如rú何hé。且qiě看kàn下xià文wén分fēn解jiě。

But the sequel must be told in the next chapter.

GLM · 2026 · machine-generated