小xiǎo雅yǎ·节jié南nán山shān之zhī什shén

19-1

毛máo诗shī序xù：「《节jié南nán山shān》，家jiā父fù刺cì幽yōu王wáng也yě。」 '''节jié南nán山shān''' 节jié彼bǐ南nán山shān，维wéi石shí岩yán岩yán。赫hè赫hè师shī尹yǐn，民mín具jù尔ěr瞻zhān。忧yōu心xīn如rú惔tán，不bù敢gǎn戏xì谈tán。国guó既jì卒zú斩zhǎn，何hé用yòng不bù监jiān！节jié彼bǐ南nán山shān，有yǒu实shí其qí猗yī。赫hè赫hè师shī尹yǐn，不bù平píng谓wèi何hé？天tiān方fāng荐jiàn瘥chài，丧sàng乱luàn弘hóng多duō。民mín言yán无wú嘉jiā，憯cǎn莫mò惩chéng嗟jiē。尹yǐn氏shì大dà师shī，维wéi周zhōu之zhī氐dī。秉bǐng国guó之zhī均jūn，四sì方fāng是shì维wéi。天tiān子zi是shì毗pí，俾bǐ民mín不bù迷mí。不bú吊diào昊hào天tiān，不bù宜yí空kōng我wǒ师shī。弗fú躬gōng弗fú亲qīn，庶shù民mín弗fú信xìn；弗fú问wèn弗fú仕shì，勿wù罔wǎng君jūn子zǐ？式shì夷yí式shì已yǐ，无wú小xiǎo人rén殆dài。琐suó琐suǒ姻yīn亚yà，则zé无wú膴hū仕shì。昊hào天tiān不bù佣yōng，降jiàng此cǐ鞠jū讻xiōng。昊hào天tiān不bú惠huì，降jiàng此cǐ大dà戾lì。君jūn子zǐ如rú届jiè，俾bǐ民mín心xīn阕què。君jūn子zǐ如rú夷yí，𫫇è怒nù是shì违wéi。不bú吊diào昊hào天tiān，乱luàn靡mí有yǒu定dìng。式shì月yuè斯sī生shēng，俾bǐ民mín不bù宁níng。忧yōu心xīn如rú酲chéng，谁shuí秉bǐng国guó成chéng？不bú自zì为wèi政zhèng，卒zú劳láo百bǎi姓xìng。驾jià彼bǐ四sì牡mǔ，四sì牡mǔ项xiàng领lǐng。我wǒ瞻zhān四sì方fāng，蹙cù蹙cù靡mí所suó骋chěng。方fāng茂mào尔ěr𫫇è，相xiāng尔ěr矛máo矣yǐ。既jì夷yí既jì怿yì，如rú相xiāng醻chóu矣yǐ。昊hào天tiān不bù平píng，我wǒ王wáng不bù宁níng。不bù惩chéng其qí心xīn，覆fù怨yuàn其qí正zhèng。家jiā父fù作zuò诵sòng，以yǐ究jiū王wáng讻xiōng。式shì讹é尔ěr心xīn，以yǐ畜chù万wàn邦bāng。

Lofty is that southern hill, With its masses of rocks! Awe-inspiring are you, O (Grand-)Master Yin, And the people all look to you! A fire burns in their grieving hearts; They do not dare to speak of you even in jest. The kingdom is verging to extinction;— How is it that you do not consider the state of things? Lofty is that southern hill, And vigorously grows the vegetation on it! Awe-inspiring are you, O (Grand-)Master Yin, But how is it that you are so unjust? Heaven is continually redoubling its inflictions; Deaths and disorder increase and multiply; No words of satisfaction come from the people; And yet you do not correct nor bemoan yourself. The Grand-Master Yin Is the foundation of our Kâu, And the balance of the kingdom is in his hands. He should be keeping its four quarters together; He should be aiding the Son of Heaven, So as to preserve the people from going astray. O unpitying great Heaven, It is not right he should reduce us all to such misery! He does nothing himself personally, And the people have no confidence in him. Making no enquiry about them, and no trial of their services, He should not deal deceitfully with superior men. If he dismissed them on the requirement of justice, Mean men would not be endangering (the commonweal); And his mean relatives Would not be in offices of importance. Great Heaven, unjust, Is sending down these exhausting disorders. Great Heaven, unkind, Is sending down these great miseries. Let superior men come (into office), And that would bring rest to the people's hearts. Let superior men execute their justice, And the animosities and angers would disappear. O unpitying great Heaven, There is no end to the disorder! With every month it continues to grow, So that the people have no repose. I am as if intoxicated with the grief of my heart. Who holds the ordering of the kingdom? He attends not himself to the government, And the result is toil and pain to the people. I yoke my four steeds, My four steeds, long-necked. I look to the four quarters (of the kingdom); Distress is everywhere; there is no place I can drive to. Now your evil is rampant, And I can see your spears. Anon you are pacified and friendly as if you were pledging one another. From great Heaven is the injustice, And our king has no repose. (Yet) he will not correct his heart, And goes on to resent endeavours to rectify him. I, Kiâ-fû, have made this poem, To lay bare the king's disorders. If you would but change your heart, Then would the myriad regions be nourished.

Legge · 1879 · public domain

19-2

正zhēng月yuè繁fán霜shuāng，我wǒ心xīn忧yōu伤shāng。民mín之zhī讹é言yán，亦yì孔kǒng之zhī将jiāng。念niàn我wǒ独dú兮xī，忧yōu心xīn京jīng京jīng。哀āi我wó小xiǎo心xīn，癙shǔ忧yōu以yí痒yǎng。父fù母mǔ生shēng我wǒ，胡hú俾bí我wǒ瘉yù？不bú自zì我wǒ先xiān，不bú自zì我wǒ后hòu。好hǎo言yán自zì口kǒu，莠yǒu言yán自zì口kǒu。忧yōu心xīn愈yù愈yù，是shì以yí有yóu侮wǔ。忧yōu心xīn惸qióng惸qióng，念niàn我wǒ无wú禄lù。民mín之zhī无wú辜gū，并bìng其qí臣chén仆pú。哀āi我wǒ人rén斯sī，于yú何hé从cóng禄lù？瞻zhān乌wū爰yuán止zhǐ，于yú谁shuí之zhī屋wū？瞻zhān彼bǐ中zhōng林lín，侯hóu薪xīn侯hóu蒸zhēng。民mín今jīn方fāng殆dài，视shì天tiān梦mèng梦mèng。既jì克kè有yǒu定dìng，靡mí人rén弗fú胜shèng。有yǒu皇huáng上shàng帝dì，伊yī谁shuí云yún憎zēng？谓wèi山shān盖gài卑bēi，为wèi冈gāng为wèi陵líng。民mín之zhī讹é言yán，宁níng莫mò之zhī惩chéng！召zhào彼bǐ故gù老lǎo，讯xùn之zhī占zhàn梦mèng。具jù曰yuē予yǔ圣shèng，谁shuí知zhī乌wū之zhī雌cí雄xióng？谓wèi天tiān盖gài高gāo，不bù敢gǎn不bù局jú。谓wèi地dì盖gài厚hòu，不bù敢gǎn不bù蹐jí。维wéi号hào斯sī言yán，有yǒu伦lún有yǒu脊jí。哀āi今jīn之zhī人rén，胡hú为wèi虺huī蜴yì。瞻zhān彼bí坂bǎn田tián，有yóu菀wǎn其qí特tè。天tiān之zhī扤wù我wǒ，如rú不bù我wǒ克kè。彼bǐ求qiú我wǒ则zé，如rú不bù我wǒ得dé。执zhí我wǒ仇chóu仇chóu，亦yì不bù我wǒ力lì。心xīn之zhī忧yōu矣yǐ，如rú或huò结jié之zhī。今jīn兹zī之zhī正zhèng，胡hú然rán厉lì矣yǐ？燎liáo之zhī方fāng扬yáng，宁níng或huò灭miè之zhī。赫hè赫hè宗zōng周zhōu，褒bāo姒sì烕miè之zhī。终zhōng其qí永yǒng怀huái，又yòu窘jiǒng阴yīn雨yǔ。其qí车chē既jì载zài，乃nǎi弃qì尔ér辅fǔ。载zài输shū尔ěr载zài，将jiāng伯bó助zhù予yǔ。无wú弃qì尔ér辅fǔ，员yuán于yú尔ěr辐fú。屡lǚ顾gù尔ěr仆pú，不bù输shū尔ěr载zài。终zhōng逾yú绝jué险xiǎn，曾céng是shì不bú意yì。鱼yú在zài于yú沼zhǎo，亦yì匪fěi克kè乐lè。潜qián虽suī伏fú矣yǐ，亦yì孔kǒng之zhī炤zhào。忧yōu心xīn惨cán惨cǎn，念niàn国guó之zhī为wèi虐nüè。彼bí有yóu旨zhí酒jiǔ，又yòu有yǒu嘉jiā殽xiáo。洽qià比bǐ其qí邻lín，昏hūn姻yīn孔kǒng云yún。念niàn我wǒ独dú兮xī，忧yōu心xīn慇yīn慇yīn。佌cí佌cí彼bí有yǒu屋wū，蔌sù蔌sù方fāng有yóu谷gǔ。民mín今jīn之zhī无wú禄lù，天tiān夭yāo是shì椓zhuó。哿gé矣yǐ富fù人rén，哀āi此cǐ惸qióng独dú！

Look into the middle of the forest; There are (only) large faggots and small branches in it. The people now amidst their perils Look to Heaven, all dark; But let its determination be fixed, And there is no one whom it will not overcome. There is the great God,— Does he hate any one? If one say of a hill that it is low, There are its ridges and its large masses. The false calumnies of the people,— How is it that you do not repress them? You call those experienced ancients, You consult the diviner of dreams. They all say, 'We are very wise, But who can distinguish the male and female crow?' Look at the rugged and stony field;— Luxuriantly rises in it the springing grain. (But) Heaven moves and shakes me, As if it could not overcome me. They sought me (at first) to be a pattern (to them), (Eagerly) as if they could not get me; (Now) they regard me with great animosity, And will not use my strength.

Legge · 1879 · public domain

19-3

十shí月yuè之zhī交jiāo，朔shuò月yuè辛xīn卯mǎo。日rì有yǒu食shí之zhī，亦yì孔kǒng之zhī丑chǒu。彼bǐ月yuè而ér微wēi，此cǐ日rì而ér微wēi。今jīn此cǐ下xià民mín，亦yì孔kǒng之zhī哀āi。日rì月yuè告gào凶xiōng，不bú用yòng其qí行xíng。四sì国guó无wú政zhèng，不bú用yòng其qí良liáng。彼bǐ月yuè而ér食shí，则zé维wéi其qí常cháng。此cǐ日rì而ér食shí，于yú何hé不bù臧zāng？爗yè爗yè震zhèn电diàn，不bù宁níng不bú令lìng。百bǎi川chuān沸fèi腾téng，山shān冡méng崒zú崩bēng。高gāo岸àn为wèi谷gǔ，深shēn谷gǔ为wèi陵líng。哀āi今jīn之zhī人rén，胡hú憯cǎn莫mò惩chéng？皇huáng父fù卿qīng士shì，番fān维wéi司sī徒tú。家jiā伯bó维wéi宰zǎi，仲zhòng允yǔn膳shàn夫fū。棸zōu子zi内nèi史shǐ，蹶jué维wéi趣qù马mǎ。楀yǔ维wéi师shī氏shì，艳yàn妻qī煽shān方fāng处chù。抑yì此cǐ皇huáng父fù，岂qǐ曰yuē不bù时shí？胡hú为wèi我wǒ作zuò，不bù即jí我wǒ谋móu？彻chè我wǒ墙qiáng屋wū，田tián卒zú污wū莱lái。曰yuē予yǔ不bù戕qiāng，礼lǐ则zé然rán矣yǐ！皇huáng父fù孔kǒng圣shèng，作zuò都dōu于yú向xiàng。择zé三sān有yǒu事shì，亶dǎn侯hóu多duō藏cáng。不bú慭yìn遗yí一yī老lǎo，俾bí守shóu我wǒ王wáng。择zé有yǒu车chē马mǎ，以yǐ居jū徂cú向xiàng。黾mián勉miǎn从cóng事shì，不bù敢gǎn告gào劳láo。无wú罪zuì无wú辜gū，谗chán口kǒu嚻xiāo嚻xiāo。下xià民mín之zhī孽niè，匪fěi降jiàng自zì天tiān。噂zǔn沓dá背bèi憎zēng，职zhí竞jìng由yóu人rén。悠yōu悠yōu我wó里lǐ，亦yì孔kǒng之zhī痗mèi。四sì方fāng有yǒu羡xiàn，我wǒ独dú居jū忧yōu。民mín莫mò不bú逸yì，我wǒ独dú不bù敢gǎn休xiū。天tiān命mìng不bú彻chè，我wǒ不bù敢gǎn傚xiào我wó友yǒu自zì逸yì。

At the conjunction (of the sun and moon) in the tenth month, On the first day of the moon, which was hsin-mâo, The sun was eclipsed, A thing of very evil omen. Before, the moon became small, And now the sun became small. Henceforth the lower people Will be in a very deplorable case. The sun and moon announce evil, Not keeping to their proper paths. Throughout the kingdom there is no (proper) government, Because the good are not employed. For the moon to be eclipsed Is but an ordinary matter. Now that the sun has been eclipsed,— How bad it is! Grandly flashes the lightning of the thunder. There is a want of rest, a want of good. The streams all bubble up and overflow. The crags on the hill-tops fall down. High banks become valleys; Deep valleys become hills. Alas for the men of this time! How does (the king) not stop these things? Hwang-fû is the President; Fan is the Minister of Instruction; Kiâ-po is the (chief) Administrator; Kung-yün is the chief Cook; Zâu is the Recorder of the Interior; Khwei is Master of the Horse; Yü is Captain of the Guards; And the beautiful wife blazes, now in possession of her place. This Hwang-fû Will not acknowledge that he is acting out of season. But why does he call us to move, Without coming and consulting with us? He has removed our walls and roofs; And our fields are all either a marsh or a moor. He says, 'I am not injuring you; The laws require that thus it should be.' Hwang-fû is very wise; He has built a great city for himself in Hsiang. He chose three men as his ministers, All of them possessed of great wealth. He could not bring himself to leave a single minister, Who might guard our king. He (also) selected those who had chariots and horses, To go and reside in Hsiang. I have exerted myself to discharge my service, And do not dare to make a report of my toils. Without crime or offence of any kind, Slanderous mouths are loud against me, (But) the calamities of the lower people Do not come down from Heaven. A multitude of (fair) words, and hatred behind the back;— The earnest, strong pursuit of this is from men. Distant far is my village, And my dissatisfaction is great. In other quarters there is ease, And I dwell here, alone and sorrowful. Everybody is going into retirement, And I alone dare not seek rest. The ordinances of Heaven are inexplicable, But I will not dare to follow my friends, and leave my post.

Legge · 1879 · public domain

19-4

浩hào浩hào昊hào天tiān，不bú骏jùn其qí德dé。降jiàng丧sàng饥jī馑jǐn，斩zhǎn伐fá四sì国guó。旻mín天tiān疾jí威wēi，弗fú虑lǜ弗fú图tú。舍shé彼bí有yǒu罪zuì，既jì伏fú其qí辜gū。若ruò此cǐ无wú罪zuì，沦lún胥xū以yǐ铺pù。周zhōu宗zōng既jì灭miè，靡mí所suó止zhǐ戾lì，正zhèng大dà夫fū离lí居jū，莫mò知zhī我wǒ勚yì。三sān事shì大dà夫fū，莫mò肯kěn夙sù夜yè。邦bāng君jūn诸zhū侯hóu，莫mò肯kěn朝zhāo夕xī。庶shù曰yuē式shì臧zāng，覆fù出chū为wèi𫫇è。如rú何hé昊hào天tiān，辟pì言yán不bú信xìn？如rú彼bǐ行xíng迈mài，则zé靡mí所suǒ臻zhēn。凡fán百bǎi君jūn子zǐ，各gè敬jìng尔ěr身shēn。胡hú不bù相xiāng畏wèi？不bú畏wèi于yú天tiān？戎róng成chéng不bú退tuì，饥jī成chéng不bù遂suí。曾céng我wǒ暬xiè御yù，憯cán憯cǎn日rì瘁cuì。凡fán百bǎi君jūn子zǐ，莫mò肯kěn用yòng讯xùn。听tīng言yán则zé荅dā，谮zèn言yán则zé退tuì。哀āi哉zāi不bù能néng言yán，匪fěi舌shé是shì出chū，维wéi躬gōng是shì瘁cuì。哿gé矣yǐ能néng言yán，巧qiǎo言yán如rú流liú，俾bǐ躬gōng处chù休xiū。维wéi曰yuē予yǔ仕shì，孔kǒng棘jí且qiě殆dài。云yún不bù可ké使shǐ，得dé罪zuì于yú天tiān子zi。亦yì云yún可ké使shǐ，怨yuàn及jí朋péng友yǒu。谓wèi尔ěr迁qiān于yú王wáng都dōu，曰yuē予yǔ未wèi有yǒu室shì家jiā。鼠shǔ思sī泣qì血xuè，无wú言yán不bù疾jí。昔xī尔ěr出chū居jū，谁shuí从cóng作zuò尔ěr室shì？

Great and wide Heaven, How is it you have contracted your kindness, Sending down death and famine, Destroying all through the kingdom? Compassionate Heaven, arrayed in terrors, How is it you exercise no forethought, no care? Let alone the criminals:— They have suffered for their guilt. But those who have no crime Are indiscriminately involved in ruin. How is it, O great Heaven, That the king will not hearken to the justest words? He is like a man going (astray), Who knows not where he will proceed to. All ye officers, Let each of you attend to his duties. How do ye not stand in awe of one another? Ye do not stand in awe of Heaven.

Legge · 1879 · public domain

19-5

旻mín天tiān疾jí威wēi，敷fū于yú下xià土tǔ，谋móu犹yóu回huí遹yù，何hé日rì斯sī沮jǔ？谋móu臧zāng不bù从cóng，不bù臧zāng覆fù用yòng。我wǒ视shì谋móu犹yóu，亦yì孔kǒng之zhī卭qióng。潝xī潝xī訿zí訿zǐ，亦yì孔kǒng之zhī哀āi。谋móu之zhī其qí臧zāng，则zé具jù是shì违wéi。谋móu之zhī不bù臧zāng，则zé具jù是shì依yī。我wǒ视shì谋móu犹yóu，伊yī于yú胡hú厎dǐ？我wǒ龟guī既jì厌yàn，不bù我wǒ告gào犹yóu。谋móu夫fū孔kǒng多duō，是shì用yòng不bù集jí。发fā言yán盈yíng庭tíng，谁shuí敢gǎn执zhí其qí咎jiù？如rú匪fěi行xíng迈mài谋móu，是shì用yòng不bù得dé于yú道dào。哀āi哉zāi为wèi犹yóu！匪fěi先xiān民mín是shì程chéng，匪fěi大dà犹yóu是shì经jīng。维wéi迩ěr言yán是shì听tīng，维wéi迩ěr言yán是shì争zhēng。如rú彼bǐ筑zhù室shì于yú道dào谋móu，是shì用yòng不bú溃kuì于yú成chéng。国guó虽suī靡mí止zhǐ，或huò圣shèng或huò否fǒu。民mín虽suī靡mí膴hū，或huò哲zhé或huò谋móu，或huò肃sù或huò艾ài。如rú彼bǐ泉quán流liú，无wú沦lún胥xū以yǐ败bài。不bù敢gǎn暴bào虎hǔ，不bù敢gǎn冯féng河hé。人rén知zhī其qí一yī，莫mò知zhī其qí他tā。战zhàn战zhàn兢jīng兢jīng，如rú临lín深shēn渊yuān，如rú履lǚ薄bó冰bīng。

The angry terrors of compassionate Heaven Extend through this lower world. (The king's) counsels and plans are crooked and bad; When will he stop (in his course)? Counsels that are good he will not follow, And those that are not good he employs. When I look at his counsels and plans, I am greatly pained. Now they agree, and now they defame one another;— The case is greatly to be deplored. If a counsel be good, They are all found opposing it. If a counsel be bad, They are all found according with it. When I look at such counsels and plans, What will they come to? Our tortoise-shells are wearied out, And will not tell us anything about the plans. The counsellors are very many, But on that account nothing is accomplished. The speakers fill the court, But who dares to take any responsibility on himself? We are as if we consulted (about a journey) without taking a step in advance, And therefore did not get on on the road.

Legge · 1879 · public domain

19-6

宛wán彼bǐ鸣míng鸠jiū，翰hàn飞fēi戾lì天tiān。我wǒ心xīn忧yōu伤shāng，念niàn昔xī先xiān人rén。明míng发fā不bú寐mèi，有yǒu怀huái二èr人rén。人rén之zhī齐qí圣shèng，饮yín酒jiǔ温wēn克kè。彼bǐ昏hūn不bù知zhī，壹yī醉zuì日rì富fù。各gè敬jìng尔ěr仪yí，天tiān命mìng不bú又yòu。中zhōng原yuán有yǒu菽shū，庶shù民mín采cǎi之zhī。螟míng蛉líng有yǒu子zi，蜾guó蠃luǒ负fù之zhī。教jiào诲huì尔ěr子zi，式shì谷gǔ似shì之zhī。题tí彼bǐ脊jí令lìng，载zài飞fēi载zài鸣míng。我wǒ日rì斯sī迈mài，而ér月yuè斯sī征zhēng。夙sù兴xìng夜yè寐mèi，毋wú忝tián尔ér所suǒ生shēng。交jiāo交jiāo桑sāng扈hù，率lǜ场chǎng啄zhuó粟sù。哀āi我wǒ填tián寡guǎ，宜yí岸àn宜yí狱yù。握wò粟sù出chū卜bo，自zì何hé能néng谷gǔ？温wēn温wēn恭gōng人rén，如rú集jí于yú木mù。惴zhuì惴zhuì小xiǎo心xīn，如rú临lín于yú谷gǔ。战zhàn战zhàn兢jīng兢jīng，如rú履lǚ薄bó冰bīng。

Small is the cooing dove, But it flies aloft to heaven. My heart is wounded with sorrow, And I think of our forefathers. When the dawn is breaking, and I cannot sleep, The thoughts in my breast are of our parents. Men who are grave and wise, Though they drink, are mild and masters of themselves; But those who are benighted and ignorant Become devoted to drink, and more so daily. Be careful, each of you, of your deportment; What Heaven confers, (when once lost), is not regained. The greenbeaks come and go, Picking up grain about the stackyard. Alas for the distressed and the solitary, Deemed fit inmates for the prisons! With a handful of grain I go out and divine, How I may be able to become good.

Legge · 1879 · public domain

19-7

弁biàn彼bǐ鸒yù斯sī，归guī飞fēi提tí提tí。民mín莫mò不bù谷gǔ，我wǒ独dú于yú罹lí。何hé辜gū于yú天tiān，我wǒ罪zuì伊yī何hé？心xīn之zhī忧yōu矣yǐ，云yún如rú之zhī何hé。踧cù踧cù周zhōu道dào，鞫jū为wèi茂mào草cǎo。我wǒ心xīn忧yōu伤shāng，惄nì焉yān如rú捣dǎo。假jiǎ寐mèi永yǒng叹tàn，维wéi忧yōu用yòng老lǎo。心xīn之zhī忧yōu矣yǐ，疢chèn如rú疾jí首shǒu。维wéi桑sāng与yú梓zǐ，必bì恭gōng敬jìng止zhǐ。靡mí瞻zhān匪fěi父fù，靡mí依yī匪féi母mǔ。不bù属shǔ于yú毛máo？不bù罹lí于yú里lǐ？天tiān之zhī生shēng我wǒ，我wǒ辰chén安ān在zài？菀wán彼bí柳liǔ斯sī，鸣míng蜩tiáo嘒huì嘒huì。有yóu漼cuí者zhě渊yuān，萑huán苇wěi淠pì淠pì。譬pì彼bǐ舟zhōu流liú，不bù知zhī所suǒ届jiè。心xīn之zhī忧yōu矣yǐ，不bù遑huáng假jiǎ寐mèi。鹿lù斯sī之zhī奔bēn，维wéi足zú伎jì伎jì。雉zhì之zhī朝cháo雊gòu，尚shàng求qiú其qí雌cí。譬pì彼bǐ坏huài木mù，疾jí用yòng无wú枝zhī。心xīn之zhī忧yōu矣yǐ，宁níng莫mò之zhī知zhī。相xiāng彼bǐ投tóu兔tù，尚shàng或huò先xiān之zhī。行xíng有yóu死sǐ人rén，尚shàng或huò墐jìn之zhī。君jūn子zí秉bǐng心xīn，维wéi其qí忍rěn之zhī。心xīn之zhī忧yōu矣yǐ，涕tì既jì陨yǔn之zhī。君jūn子zǐ信xìn谗chán，如rú或huò醻chóu之zhī。君jūn子zǐ不bú惠huì，不bù舒shū究jiū之zhī。伐fá木mù掎jí矣yǐ，析xī薪xīn扡tuō矣yǐ。舍shé彼bí有yǒu罪zuì，予yǔ之zhī佗tuó矣yǐ。莫mò高gāo匪fěi山shān，莫mò浚jùn匪fěi泉quán。君jūn子zǐ无wú易yì由yóu言yán，耳ér属shǔ于yú垣yuán。无wú逝shì我wǒ梁liáng，无wú发fā我wó笱gǒu。我wǒ躬gōng不bú阅yuè，遑huáng恤xù我wǒ后hòu。

With flapping wings the crows Come back, flying all in a flock. Other people are happy, And I only am full of misery. What is my offence against Heaven? What is my crime? My heart is sad;— What is to be done? Even the mulberry trees and the rottleras Must be regarded with reverence; But no one is to be looked up to like a father, No one is to be depended on as a mother. Have I not a connexion with the hairs (of my father)? Did I not dwell in the womb (of my mother)? O Heaven, who gave me birth! How was it at so inauspicious a time?

Legge · 1879 · public domain

19-8

悠yōu悠yōu昊hào天tiān，曰yuē父fù母mú且qiě。无wú罪zuì无wú辜gū，乱luàn如rú此cǐ幠hū。昊hào天tiān已yǐ威wēi，予yǔ慎shèn无wú罪zuì。昊hào天tiān大dà幠hū，予yǔ慎shèn无wú辜gū。乱luàn之zhī初chū生shēng，僭jiàn始shǐ既jì涵hán。乱luàn之zhī又yòu生shēng，君jūn子zǐ信xìn谗chán。君jūn子zǐ如rú怒nù，乱luàn庶shù遄chuán沮jǔ。君jūn子zǐ如rú祉zhǐ，乱luàn庶shù遄chuán已yǐ。君jūn子zí屡lǚ盟méng，乱luàn是shì用yòng长zhǎng。君jūn子zǐ信xìn盗dào，乱luàn是shì用yòng暴bào。盗dào言yán孔kǒng甘gān，乱luàn是shì用yòng餤tán。匪fěi其qí止zhǐ共gòng，维wéi王wáng之zhī卭qióng。奕yì奕yì寝qǐn庙miào，君jūn子zǐ作zuò之zhī。秩zhì秩zhì大dà猷yóu，圣shèng人rén莫mò之zhī。他tā人rén有yǒu心xīn，予yú忖cǔn度duó之zhī。跃yuè跃yuè毚chán兔tù，遇yù犬quǎn获huò之zhī。荏rén染rǎn柔róu木mù，君jūn子zǐ树shù之zhī。往wǎng来lái行xíng言yán，心xīn焉yān数shù之zhī。蛇shé蛇shé硕shuò言yán，出chū自zì口kóu矣yǐ。巧qiǎo言yán如rú簧huáng，颜yán之zhī厚hòu矣yǐ。彼bǐ何hé人rén斯sī？居jū河hé之zhī麋mí。无wú拳quán无wú勇yǒng，职zhí为wèi乱luàn阶jiē。既jì微wēi且qié尰zhǒng，尔ér勇yǒng伊yī何hé！为wèi犹yóu将jiāng多duō，尔ěr居jū徒tú几jǐ何hé！

O vast and distant Heaven, Who art called our parent, That, without crime or offence, I should suffer from disorders thus great! The terrors of great Heaven are excessive, But indeed I have committed no crime. (The terrors of) great Heaven are very excessive, But indeed I have committed no offence.

Legge · 1879 · public domain

19-9

彼bǐ何hé人rén斯sī？其qí心xīn孔kǒng艰jiān。胡hú逝shì我wǒ梁liáng，不bú入rù我wǒ门mén？伊yī谁shuí云yún从cóng？维wéi暴bào之zhī云yún。二èr人rén从cóng行xíng，谁shuí为wèi此cǐ祸huò？胡hú逝shì我wǒ梁liáng，不bú入rù唁yàn我wǒ？始shí者zhě不bù如rú今jīn，云yún不bù我wó可kě。彼bǐ何hé人rén斯sī，胡hú逝shì我wǒ陈chén？我wǒ闻wén其qí声shēng，不bú见jiàn其qí身shēn。不bú愧kuì于yú人rén。不bú畏wèi于yú天tiān。彼bǐ何hé人rén斯sī？其qí为wèi飘piāo风fēng。胡hú不bú自zì北běi？胡hú不bú自zì南nán？胡hú逝shì我wǒ梁liáng？祇qí搅jiáo我wǒ心xīn。尔ěr之zhī安ān行xíng，亦yì不bù遑huáng舍shě。尔ěr之zhī亟jí行xíng，遑huáng脂zhī尔ěr车chē？壹yī者zhě之zhī来lái，云yún何hé其qí盱xū。尔ěr还hái而ér入rù，我wǒ心xīn易yì也yě。还hái而ér不bú入rù，否fǒu难nán知zhī也yě。壹yī者zhě之zhī来lái，俾bí我wǒ祇qí也yě。伯bó氏shì吹chuī埙xūn，仲zhòng氏shì吹chuī篪chí。及jí尔ěr如rú贯guàn，谅liàng不bù我wǒ知zhī。出chū此cǐ三sān物wù，以yí诅zú尔ěr斯sī。为wèi鬼guǐ为wèi蜮yù，则zé不bù可kě得dé。有yóu腼tiǎn麺miàn目mù，视shì人rén罔wǎng极jí。作zuò此cí好hǎo歌gē，以yǐ极jí反fǎn侧cè。

Who is that man? His heart is very hard. Why does he pass my dam, And not enter my gate? Who is he with? Only with the violent. Two men walk together — Who caused this calamity? Why does he pass my dam, And not come to console me? At first it was not so — Now he says I am not to his mind. Who is that man? Why does he pass my hall? I hear his voice, But do not see his form. He feels no shame before men — He fears not Heaven. Who is that man? He is like the whirlwind. Why does he not go north? Why does he not go south? Why does he pass my dam? He only troubles my heart. When you go at your ease, You find no time to halt. When you go in haste — You find time to grease your axle? When you came to me once — How my heart yearned! You return and enter — My heart is at peace. You return and do not enter — I cannot fathom you. When you came to me once — You made me glad. The elder brother plays the ocarina, The younger plays the flute. You and I were strung as one — Yet you say you do not know me. Bring forth these three victims — To swear an oath against you. If you were a ghost or a water-demon, You could not be found out. But you have a face and eyes, Looking on men without end. I make this good song — To lay bare your treachery.

GLM · 2025 · machine-generated

19-10

萋qī兮xī斐fěi兮xī，成chéng是shì贝bèi锦jǐn。彼bǐ谮zèn人rén者zhě，亦yì已yǐ大dà甚shèn。哆duō兮xī侈chǐ兮xī，成chéng是shì南nán箕jī。彼bǐ谮zèn人rén者zhě，谁shuí适shì与yǔ谋móu？缉jī缉jī翩piān翩piān，谋móu欲yù谮zèn人rén。慎shèn尔ěr言yán也yě，谓wèi尔ěr不bú信xìn。捷jié捷jié幡fān幡fān，谋móu欲yù谮zèn言yán。岂qǐ不bù尔ěr受shòu？既jì其qí女nǚ迁qiān。骄jiāo人rén好háo好hǎo，劳láo人rén草cáo草cǎo。苍cāng天tiān苍cāng天tiān！视shì彼bǐ骄jiāo人rén，矜jīn此cǐ劳láo人rén！彼bǐ谮zèn人rén者zhě，谁shuí适shì与yǔ谋móu？取qú彼bǐ谮zèn人rén，投tóu畀bì豺chái虎hǔ。豺chái虎hǔ不bù食shí，投tóu畀bì有yóu北běi。有yóu北běi不bú受shòu，投tóu畀bì有yǒu昊hào。杨yáng园yuán之zhī道dào，猗yī于yú亩mǔ丘qiū。寺sì人rén孟mèng子zi，作zuò为wèi此cǐ诗shī。凡fán百bǎi君jūn子zǐ，敬jìng而ér听tīng之zhī。

The proud are delighted, And the troubled are in sorrow. O azure Heaven! O azure Heaven! Look on those proud men, Pity those who are troubled. Those slanderers! Who devised their schemes for them? I would take those slanderers, And throw them to wolves and tigers. If these refused to devour them, I would cast them into the north. If the north refused to receive them, I would throw them into the hands of great (Heaven).

Legge · 1879 · public domain