·shēngmínzhīshén

24-1

The first birth of (our) people Was from Kiang Yüan. How did she give birth to (our) people? She had presented a pure offering and sacrificed, That her childlessness might be taken away. She then trod on a toe-print made by God, and was moved, In the large place where she rested. She became pregnant; she dwelt retired; She gave birth to, and nourished (a son), Who was Hâu-kî. When she had fulfilled her months, Her firstborn son (came forth) like a lamb. There was no bursting, nor rending, No injury, no hurt; Showing how wonderful he would be. Did not God give her the comfort? w Had he not accepted her pure offering and sacrifice, So that thus easily she brought forth her son? He was placed in a narrow lane, But the sheep and oxen protected him with loving care. He was placed in a wide forest, Where he was met with by the wood-cutters. He was placed on the cold ice, And a bird screened and supported him with its wings. When the bird went away, Hâu-kî began to wail. His cry was long and loud, So that his voice filled the whole way. When he was able to crawl, He looked majestic and intelligent. When he was able to feed himself, He fell to planting beans. The beans grew luxuriantly; His rows of paddy shot up beautifully; His hemp and wheat grew strong and close; His gourds yielded abundantly. The husbandry of Hâu-kî Proceeded on the plan of helping (the growth). Having cleared away the thick grass, He sowed the ground with the yellow cereals. He managed the living grain, till it was ready to burst; Then he used it as seed, and it sprang up; It grew and came into ear; It became strong and good; It hung down, every grain complete; And thus he was appointed lord of Thâi. He gave (his people) the beautiful grains;— The black millet and the double-kernelled, The tall red and the white. They planted extensively the black and the double-kernelled, Which were reaped and stacked on the ground. They planted extensively the tall red and the white, Which were carried on their shoulders and backs, Home for the sacrifices which he founded. And how as to our sacrifices (continued from him)? Some hull (the grain); some take it from the mortar; Some sift it; some tread it. It is rattling in the dishes; It is distilled, and the steam floats about. We consult; we observe the rites of purification; We take southernwood and offer it with the fat; We sacrifice a ram to the spirit of the path; We offer roast flesh and broiled:— And thus introduce the coming year. We load the stands with the offerings, The stands both of wood and of earthenware. As soon as the fragrance ascends, God, well pleased, smells the sweet savour. Fragrant it is, and in its due season. Hâu-kî founded our sacrifices, And no one, we presume, has given occasion for blame or regret in regard to them, Down to the present day.

Legge · 1879 · public domain

24-2

In thick patches are those rushes, Springing by the way-side:— Let not the cattle and sheep trample them. Anon they will grow up; anon they will be completely formed, With their leaves soft and glossy. Closely related are brethren; Let none be absent, let all be near. For some there are mats spread; For some there are given stools. The mats are spread, and a second one above; The stools are given, and there are plenty of servants. (The guests) are pledged, and they pledge (the host) in return; He rinses the cups (and refills them, but the guests) put them down, Sauces and pickles are brought in, With roasted meat and broiled. Excellent provisions there are of tripe and palates; With singing to lutes, and with drums. The ornamented bows are strong, And the four arrows are all balanced. They discharge the arrows, and all hit, And the guests are arranged according to their skill. The ornamented bows are drawn to the full, And the arrows are grasped in the hand. They go straight to the mark as if planted in it, And the guests are arranged according to the humble propriety of their behaviour. The distant descendant presides over the feast; His sweet spirits are strong. He fills their cups from a large vase, And prays for the hoary old (among his guests):— That with hoary age and wrinkled back, They may lead on one another (to virtue), and support one another (in it); That so their old age may be blessed, And their bright happiness ever increased.

Legge · 1879 · public domain

24-3

You have made us drink to the full of your spirits; You have satiated us with your kindness. May you enjoy, O our lord, myriads of years! May your bright happiness (ever) be increased! You have made us drink to the full of your spirits; Your viands were set out before us. May you enjoy, O our lord, myriads of years! May your bright intelligence ever be increased! May your bright intelligence become perfect, High and brilliant, leading to a good end! That good end has (now) its beginning:— The personators of your ancestors announced it in their blessing. What was their announcement? '(The offerings) in your dishes of bamboo and wood are clean and fine. Your friends, assisting in the service, Have done their part with reverent demeanour. 'Your reverent demeanour was altogether what the occasion required; And also that of your filial son. For such filial piety, continued without ceasing, There will ever be conferred blessings upon you.' What will the blessings be? 'That along the passages of your palace, You shall move for ten thousand years, And there will be granted to you for ever dignity and posterity.' How as to your posterity? 'Heaven invests you with your dignity; Yea, for ten thousand years, The bright appointment is attached (to your line).' How is it attached? 'There is given you a heroic wife. There is given you a heroic wife, And from her shall come the (line of) descendants.'

Legge · 1879 · public domain

24-4

August, august is the king, Lord over the ten thousand states. The king, in his multitudes, Sends forth his hosts. He lays his commands on Zhong Shan-fu, The hope of the king. Stalwart and strong is Zhong Shan-fu, Gentle and virtuous. He gives his life for the king — The king looks to him. The king gives him command — He builds the wall at Qi. The war-cars go rumbling out, The banners glowing bright. Zhong Shan-fu marches forth, And the savages of the north all flee. Zhong Shan-fu, in his duty, Goes to and fro at the king's command. Soft and fair is his speech, His bearing grave and wise. He is the pattern of the ancient kings — He does not swerve from their ways. Gentle is Zhong Shan-fu, His fame reaches to Heaven. The king has appointed him — He is the model of his state. The winds and the rain, The snow and the sleet, The king looks to him — And the people look to him.

GLM · 2025 · machine-generated

24-5

Of our admirable, amiable sovereign Most illustrious is the excellent virtue. He orders rightly the people, orders rightly the officers, And receives his dignity from Heaven, Which protects and helps him, and (confirms) his appointment, By repeated acts of renewal from heaven.

Legge · 1879 · public domain

24-6

True, true is Duke Liu, He did not dwell at ease, he did not rest. He cleared the marches, he set the bounds, He gathered the grain, he filled the barns. In sacks and in bags — He took thought for his people. With bows and arrows, with shields and spears, He opened the way, he led them forth. True, true is Duke Liu! He surveyed the hundred plains. He climbed the ridge, he crossed the hill, He sought a place to rest. True, true is Duke Liu! On the banks of the Wei, He chose a dwelling-place. He called his ministers, he held council, He raised the tents, he set the throng. True, true is Duke Liu! He made the land a home. He measured the fields, he shared the grain, He measured the streams, he set the bounds. True, true is Duke Liu! He made the people's heart at one. He sought a master of liquors, He sought a master of arms. True, true is Duke Liu! He made the state to last.

GLM · 2025 · machine-generated

24-7

Draw from the pools by the wayside, Pour from this into that — It may be used to steam, to boil. Kind and gentle noble man — The father and mother of the people. Draw from the pools by the wayside, Pour into the vase and the bowl — It may be used to steam, to boil. Kind and gentle noble man — The hope of the people. Kind and gentle noble man, Let him not be clouded, let him not be marred. Let him not be restless, let him not be weary. He does not rest, he does not pause, He is the comfort of the people. Kind and gentle noble man, He is the bright, the divine. He is the ruler of the four quarters of the state, He is the father and mother of the people.

GLM · 2025 · machine-generated

24-8

Into the recesses of the large mound Came the wind, whirling from the south. There was (our) happy, courteous sovereign, Rambling and singing; And I took occasion to give forth my notes. 'Full of spirits you ramble; Full of satisfaction you rest. O happy and courteous sovereign, May you fulfil your years, And end them like your ancestors!' 'Your territory is great and glorious, And perfectly secure. O happy and courteous sovereign, May you fulfil your years, As the host of all the spirits! 'You have received the appointment long acknowledged, With peace around your happiness and dignity. O happy and courteous sovereign, May you fulfil your years, With pure happiness your constant possession! 'You have helpers and supporters, Men of filial piety and of virtue, To lead you on, and act as wings to you, (So that), O happy and courteous sovereign, You are a pattern to the four quarters (of the kingdom). 'Full of dignity and majesty (are they), Like a jade-mace (in its purity), The subject of praise, the contemplation of hope. O happy and courteous sovereign, (Through them) the four quarters (of the kingdom) are guided by you. 'The male and female phœnix fly about, Their wings rustling, While they settle in their proper resting-place. Many are your admirable officers, O king, Ready to be employed by you, Loving you, the Son of Heaven. 'The male and female phœnix fly about, Their wings rustling, As they soar up to heaven. Many are your admirable officers, O king, Waiting for your commands, And loving the multitudes of the people. 'The male and female phœnix give out their notes, On that lofty ridge. The dryandras grow, On those eastern slopes. They grow luxuriantly; And harmoniously the notes resound. 'Your chariots, O sovereign, Are numerous, many. Your horses, O sovereign, Are well trained and fleet. I have made my few verses, In prolongation of your song.'

Legge · 1879 · public domain

24-9

The people indeed are heavily burdened, But perhaps a little relief may be got for them. Let us cherish this centre of the kingdom, To secure the repose of the four quarters of it. Let us give no indulgence to the wily and obsequious, In order to make the unconscientious careful, And to repress robbers and oppressors, Who have no fear of the clear will (of Heaven). Then let us show kindness to those who are distant, And help those who are near,— Thus establishing (the throne of) our king.

Legge · 1879 · public domain

24-10

God has reversed (his usual course of procedure), And the lower people are full of distress. The words which you utter are not right; The plans which you form are not far-reaching. As there are not sages, you think you have no guidance;— You have no real sincerity. (Thus) your plans do not reach far, And I therefore strongly admonish you. Heaven is now sending down calamities;— Do not be so complacent. Heaven is now producing such movements;— Do not be so indifferent. If your words were harmonious, The people would become united. If your words were gentle and kind, The people would be settled. Though my duties are different from yours, I am your fellow-servant. I come to advise with you, And you hear me with contemptuous indifference, My words are about the (present urgent) affairs;— Do not think them matter for laughter. The ancients had a saying:— 'Consult the gatherers of grass and firewood.' Heaven is now exercising oppression;— Do not in such a way make a mock of things. An old man, (I speak) with entire sincerity; But you, my juniors, are full of pride. It is not that my words are those of age, But you make a joke of what is sad. But the troubles will multiply like flames, Till they are beyond help or remedy. Heaven is now displaying its anger;— Do not be either boastful or flattering, Utterly departing from all propriety of demeanour, Till good men are reduced to personators of the dead. The people now sigh and groan, And we dare not examine (into the causes of their trouble). The ruin and disorder are exhausting all their means of living, And we show no kindness to our multitudes. Heaven enlightens the people, As the bamboo flute responds to the earthen whistle; As two half-maces form a whole one; As you take a thing, and bring it away in your hand, Bringing it away, without any more ado. The enlightenment of the people is very easy. They have (now) many perversities;— Do not you set up your perversity before them. Good men are a fence; The multitudes of the people are a wall; Great states are screens; Great families are buttresses; The cherishing of virtue secures repose; The circle of (the king's) relatives is a fortified wall. We must not let the fortified wall get destroyed; We must not let (the king) be solitary and consumed with terrors. Revere the anger of Heaven, And presume not to make sport or be idle. Revere the changing moods of Heaven, And presume not to drive about (at your pleasure). Great Heaven is intelligent, And is with you in all your goings. Great Heaven is clear-seeing, And is with you in your wanderings and indulgences.

Legge · 1879 · public domain